Fatty acid composition of corn and wheat plant shoots under the action of sali­­cy­late in drought conditions

Abstract

Background. Salicylic acid is a phenolic compound of natural plant origin with hormonal properties. Salicylic acid is involved in the formation of plant resistance to stressors of biotic and abiotic nature. Drought is one of the most common stressors in hibiting growth, development and yield of plants. Fatty acids are important components of membrane organelles and plasmalemma. Changing the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids affects the properties of cell membranes and is an important component of the formation of plant resistance to stressors such as low or high temperatures and drought. Methods. To study the changes in fatty acid composition that occur in plants under the action of salicylic acid and drought, we determined the content of fatty acids in the shoots of plants using gas-liquid chromatography. The effect of salicylic acid on the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in shoots of 12day plants Zea mays L. and Triticum aestivum L. in the drought conditions was investigated. It was found that the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the shoots of Zea mays L. and Triticum aestivum L. decreased under drought conditions. At the same time, salicylic acid in the concentration of 0.5 mM initiated an increase in the content of these com pounds under stressful conditions. The lipid unsaturation index-the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids-was also determined. Results. The increase in lipid unsaturation index under the influence of the salicylic acid in the shoots of Zea mays L. was insignificant. Drought caused a significant decrease in this indicator mainly due to a decrease in the pool of saturated fatty acids. Under the combined influence of drought and salicylic acid, lipid unsaturation index significantly increased relative to that of drought. The increase in lipid unsaturation

Adaptive reactions of wheat plants to drought conditions under the influence of salicylic acid

“…Thus changes in the content and correlation of different forms of carbohydrates are important indicators of changes in plant metabolism under the conditions of adaptation to drought. Another important function of mono-and disaccharides that are accumulated under the stress conditions is their effect on the protein-lipid components of cells that undergo dehydration under the conditions of water deficiency (Kobyletska, 2020).…”