Fatty acid and prostaglandin metabolism in children with diabetes mellitus. II. — The effect of evening primrose oil supplementation on serum fatty acid and plasma prostaglandin levels

Arisaka, Madoka; Arisaka, Osamu; Yamashiro, Yuichiro

doi:10.1016/0952-3278(91)90169-6

Cited by 43 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Hence, it is likely that the lower cord plasma AA and DHA in the babies of the diabetic group were a reflection of a low maternal status, impaired placental transfer, or both. The activity of ∆6-and ∆5-desaturase, enzymes that are vital for the synthesis of AA and DHA, is impaired by diabetes (16)(17)(18). In addition, type 1 diabetic patients (17,34) and experimental diabetic animals (35) have reduced levels of n-6 LCPUFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The activity of ∆6-and ∆5-desaturase, enzymes that are vital for the synthesis of AA and DHA, is impaired by diabetes (16)(17)(18). In addition, type 1 diabetic patients (17,34) and experimental diabetic animals (35) have reduced levels of n-6 LCPUFA. There is evidence that insulin treatment fully restores the inhibition of ∆6-and ∆5-desaturase activity induced by diabetes (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The activity of ∆6-and ∆5-desaturase, enzymes required for the synthesis of AA and DHA, is impaired in human (types 1 and 2) and experimental diabetes (16)(17)(18). In addition, levels of membrane LCPUFA are reduced (19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Type 1 diabetes compromises plasma arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in newborn babies

Ghebremeskel

Thomas

Lowy

et al. 2004

Lipids

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The activity of delta6- and delta5-desaturase, enzymes required for the synthesis of AA and DHA, are impaired in human and experimental diabetes. We have investigated whether neonates of type 1 diabetic women have compromised plasma AA and DHA at birth. Cord blood was obtained from healthy babies born to mothers with (n = 31) and without (n = 59) type 1 diabetes. FA composition of plasma choline phosphoglycerides (CPG), TG, and cholesterol esters (CE) was assayed. The neonates of the diabetics had lower levels of AA (20:4n-6, P< 0.0001), adrenic acid (22:4n-6, P < 0.01), sigman-6 metabolites (P < 0.0001), docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3, P < 0.0001), DHA (22:6n-3, P < 0.0001), sigman-3 (P < 0.0001), and sigman-3 metabolites (P< 0.0001) in CPG compared with the corresponding babies of the nondiabetic mothers. Similarly, they had lower levels of AA (P< 0.05), sigman-6 metabolites (P < 0.05), DHA (P< 0.0001), and sigman-3 metabolites (P< 0.01) in plasma CE. There was also a nonsignificant reduction of AA and DHA in TG in the babies of the diabetic group. The current investigation indicates that healthy neonates born to mothers with type 1 diabetes have highly compromised levels of AA and DHA. These nutrients are of critical importance for neurovisual and vascular system development. In poorly controlled maternal diabetes, it is conceivable that the relative "insufficiency" of AA and DHA may exacerbate speech and reading impairments, behavioral disorders, suboptimal performance on developmental tests, and lower IQ, which have been reported in some children born to mothers with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanism for this biochemical abnormality and its implications for fetal and infant development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Type 1 diabetes compromises plasma arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in newborn babies

Ghebremeskel

Thomas

Lowy

et al. 2004

Lipids

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“…In human (types 1 and 2) and experimental diabetes, the activity of ∆-6 and ∆-5 desaturase, enzymes that are vital for the synthesis of arachidonic acid (AA) and DHA, is impaired (4)(5)(6), and the levels of both desaturases are reduced in membranes (7)(8)(9). AA and DHA are vital for the structure and function of cell and subcellular membranes (10), and the requirement for these FA increases during pregnancy (11,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational diabetes mellitus enhances arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in placental phospholipids

Bitsanis

Ghebremeskel

Moodley

et al. 2006

Lipids

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In previous studies, we reported that neonates of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have reduced blood levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that were unrelated to maternal status. Since both AA and DHA are selectively transferred from maternal to fetal circulation by the placenta, we have investigated whether the FA composition of the placenta is altered by GDM. Thirty-six women, 11 with and 25 without GDM, were recruited from Newham General Hospital, London. The women with GDM had higher levels of di-homo-gamma-linolenic (P < 0.05), docosatetraenoic (n-6 DTA; P< 0.0001), docosapentaenoic n-6 (P< 0.005), total n-6 (P < 0.005), docosapentaenoic (n-3 DPA; P < 0.005), and total n-3 (P < 0.01) FA, as well as higher levels of AA (P < 0.05) and DHA (P < 0.01), in placental choline phosphoglycerides (CPG) compared with the healthy women who served as controls. Similarly, the women with GDM had elevated n-6 DTA (P < 0.005), AA, total n-6 metabolites (P < 0.05), DHA, total n-3 metabolites, and total n-3 FA (P < 0.005) in ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (EPG). In contrast to CPG and EPG, the placental TG of the women with GDM had higher linoleic acid (P< 0.05) and lower AA, n-6 metabolites, and n-3 DPA (P < 0.01). The placenta is devoid of desaturase activity, and it is thought to be reliant on maternal circulation for both AA and DHA. Hence, the enhanced levels of the two FA in the placenta of the GDM group suggests that these FA are taken up from the maternal circulation and retained after esterification into phosphoglycerides instead of being transferred to the fetus. Further study is needed to elucidate the mechanism involved and the effect of the phenomenon on postnatal growth and development of the offspring.

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“…6 Seven clinical trials have assessed the safety and efficacy of EPO in pediatric populations. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Three of these investigations focused primarily on atopic dermatitis, of which two were controlled trials. A double blind, placebo-controlled parallel group trial, involving 58 children assessed the efficacy of EPO for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.…”

Section: Evening Primrose Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there clinical evidence supporting the use of botanical dietary supplements in children?

Hrastinger

Dietz

Bauer

et al. 2005

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Fatty acid and prostaglandin metabolism in children with diabetes mellitus. II. — The effect of evening primrose oil supplementation on serum fatty acid and plasma prostaglandin levels

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Type 1 diabetes compromises plasma arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in newborn babies

Type 1 diabetes compromises plasma arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in newborn babies

Gestational diabetes mellitus enhances arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in placental phospholipids

Is there clinical evidence supporting the use of botanical dietary supplements in children?

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