Fatty acid analysis of triacylglycerols: Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters for gas chromatography

Ichihara, Kazuo; Kohsaka, Chihiro; Tomari, Naohiro; Kiyono, Tamami; Wada, Jun; Hirooka, Kiyoo; Yamamoto, Yoshihiro

doi:10.1016/j.ab.2015.11.009

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…After that, it increased to 2308C with a temperature gradient of 38C min 21 and held for 15 min [18]. The fatty acid compositions in the FAME were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC-7890, Agilent, USA) in an electron impact mode with a HP-INNOWAX polyethylene glycol column (30 m 3 250 lm 3 0.25 lm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial conversion of wastewater from butanol fermentation to microbial oil and biomass by oleaginous yeasts

Song

Chen

et al. 2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Four oleaginous yeasts (Trichosporon coremiiforme, Trichosporon dermatis, Cryptococcus albidus, and Trichosporon cutaneum) were used for treatment of the wastewater after butanol fermentation. The wastewater containing high COD value (33.70 g L−1) and total sugar concentration (13.07 g L−1) could satisfy the requirement of cellular growth. Among the four strains, the highest cell accumulation of 9.82 g L−1 was produced by T. cutaneum, and the maximum biomass (9.76 g L−1) of T. dermatis was also obtained after four days fermentation, followed by T. coremiiforme (7.90 g L−1) and C. albidus (7.59 g L−1). However, T. coremiiforme achieved the highest lipid content (34.35%) and yield (2.38 g L−1) after four days' fermentation. The lipid content of T. dermatis, C. albidus and T. cutaneum increased up to 15.69%, 10.25%, and 15.39%, respectively. Meanwhile, after five days' fermentation, the conversion yields of lipid/COD (%, g L−1/g L−1) by T. coremiiforme, T. dermatis, C. albidus, and T. cutaneum were 7.47%, 3.72%, 3.18%, and 3.03%, respectively. Results showed that T. coremiiforme had the highest yield (1635.4 mg L−1) of the fatty acids composition (C18:1 and C18:2), followed by T. dermatis (978.9 mg L−1) and T. cutaneum (998.4 mg L−1). Comparison among the four oleaginous yeasts, T. coremiiforme gave the best bioconversion for lipid content, lipid yield and conversion yields using the wastewater after butanol fermentation as the growth medium oleaginous yeasts. The results suggested that T. Coremiiforme had a great potential to be a candidate for biodiesel feedstock. This bioconversion of wastewater from butanol fermentation to microbial oil and biomass by oleaginous yeasts could both solve the environmental problem and offer lipid production with low cost. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1220–1226, 2018

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The column temperature was maintained at 1708C for 1 min and then increased by 108C min 21 up to 2008C where it remained for 1 min. After that, it increased to 2308C with a temperature gradient of 38C min 21 and held for 15 min [18]. Argon was used as the carrier gas at 1.0 mL min 21 , with split ratio was 1:10 (v/v).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial conversion of wastewater from butanol fermentation to microbial oil and biomass by oleaginous yeasts

Song

Chen

et al. 2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…Before GC determination, FAs should be derived to increase their volatility and decrease their polarity. Converting FAs into FA methyl esters (FAMEs) is a classical and commonly used method for deriving FAs . In this technique, the lipid extract was first converted into FAME through incubation with 0.01 M sodium hydroxide in methanol at 60–65°C for 30 min; FAME dissolved in hexane was then collected .…”

Section: Gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of critical methods developed for fatty acid analysis: A review

Zhang

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

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Fatty acids are important nutritional substances and metabolites in living organisms. These acids are abundant in Chinese herbs, such as Brucea javanica, Notopterygium forbesii, Isatis tinctoria, Astragalus membranaceus, and Aconitum szechenyianum. This review illustrates the types of fatty acids and their significant roles in the human body. Many analytical methods are used for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of fatty acids. Some of the methods used to analyze fatty acids in more than 30 kinds of plants, drugs, and other samples are presented in this paper. These analytical methods include gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, near-infrared spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy. The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are described and compared. This review provides a valuable reference for establishing methods for fatty acid determination.

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“…Later in the small intestine, glycerol trioleate is broken down by pancreatic lipase, which acts primarily at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions of glycerol trioleate to produce 2-monoglyceride and free fatty acid. 5 Hence, most commonly used methods for the analysis of oleic acid in pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies of BJO preparations involve hydrolysis 6 by specific lipase or methyl esterification by an acid or a base catalyst, 7 , 8 through which the total oleic acid could be calculated including those on the sn-2 position. However, such a preprocess is highly impacted by the specificity of lipase and completion of the reaction; any inappropriate procedure will lead to the loss of starting glycerol trioleate and will fail to obtain the whole oleic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced gastric therapeutic effects of <em>Brucea javanica</em> oil and its gastroretentive drug delivery system compared to commercial products in pharmacokinetics study

Zhang

et al. 2018

DDDT

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BackgroundBrucea javanica oil (BJO), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has a variety of pharmacological activities and several BJO-related patent drugs have been widely used in China.PurposeThe objective of this study was to evaluate the gastric therapeutic effects of self-made BJO and its pharmaceutical potential to formulate novel BJO gastroretentive floating bead by comparing with commercial products.MethodsBJO was extracted from the seeds of B. javanica, and its therapeutic effects were evaluated by comparing with commercial products in the treatment of human gastric cancer and gastric ulcer. Furthermore, the developed gastroretentive drug delivery system was evaluated by in vivo tests. A high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for detecting the concentration of glycerol trioleate in the pharma-cokinetic study was applied.ResultsThe antitumor activity of BJO was stronger than that of the marketed preparation; the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of BJO extracts on HGC27, SGC7901 and BGC823 gastric carcinoma were 0.3091, 1.736 and 2.743 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the values of marked BJO preparation were 15.26, 32.60 and 7.456 μg/mL, respectively. Histopathological studies demonstrated the ability of BJO to locally prevent and treat absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcer. Developed BJO gastroretentive floating bead showed a satisfactory in vivo study. The highest glycerol trioleate concentration in the stomach after taking BJO gastroretentive floating bead was nearly two times higher when compared to the marketed BJO soft capsule.ConclusionSelf-made BJO has a strong therapeutic effect on the stomach, and gastroretentive drug delivery system can be a promising approach to prolong and enhance its therapy ability when treating gastric diseases.

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Fatty acid analysis of triacylglycerols: Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters for gas chromatography

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Microbial conversion of wastewater from butanol fermentation to microbial oil and biomass by oleaginous yeasts

Microbial conversion of wastewater from butanol fermentation to microbial oil and biomass by oleaginous yeasts

Comparison of critical methods developed for fatty acid analysis: A review

Enhanced gastric therapeutic effects of <em>Brucea javanica</em> oil and its gastroretentive drug delivery system compared to commercial products in pharmacokinetics study

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