Fats and oils adulteration: present scenario and rapid detection techniques

Abstract

Fats and oils are an essential part of everyday cooking as well as food products development and their purity are a concern since very early in human history. Adulteration of fats and oils is increased day by day throughout the world, a greater extent. Hence an attempt has been taken to review to identify different suitable rapid detection techniques for ensuring food quality and safety. The study was designed on the basis of extensive literature review for collecting relevant scientific evidence from various sources like Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline database, Science direct database, published journal, newspaper and periodicals. Various techniques have been utilized to assess the purity of edible fats and oils but yet they are costly and time-consuming. This study summarized the rapid detection techniques so that a common person can perform at the level of the household so as to have a broad picture of the status of adulteration in his food in case of doubt. Edible fats and oils are reported to be adulterated with other low-price oils. For example, mustard oil adulterated with argemone oil and butter yellow and ghee adulterated with vanaspati ghee. The leading challenges include the lack of market survey, lack of acceptance in the wholesale and retail market because of suspecting its purity, community health problem and decrease in consumer confidence.

The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Its Implications for the Global Food Supply Chains

“…Ukraine and Russia are leading exporters of sunflower oil. The invasion of Ukraine provides a unique opportunity for fraudsters to replace sunflower oil with refined rapeseed oil, mineral oil, castor oil, cottonseed oil, among others [ 98 , 101 ]. The seafood supply chain is particularly vulnerable to fraud, such as substituting expensive varieties of fish with low-value species, mislabeling the geographical origin, labeling cheaply farmed fish as more expensive wild-caught fish, or labeling traditionally farm-raised fish as more valuable ecological or organic varieties [ 95 , 100 ].…”

Selected food items adulteration, their impacts on public health, and detection methods: A review

“…Edible oils are both economically and nutritionally important. They provide essential nutrients for human health as they are an important source of mono-and polyunsaturated fats (Huq et al, 2022).…”

“…In our daily diet, fat and oil are commonly used as resources for cooking, frying, and food preparation (Azadmard-Damirchi & Torbati, 2015). The authenticity of oils and fats has been a major problem since ancient times (Huq et al, 2022). Due to their greater demand for national and international markets, adulteration in high-priced oil with low-priced oil is a major issue (Tan et al, 2021;Yadav, 2018).…”

“…There are two major adulterations in edible oils and fats: (1) admixing cold press oil with refined oil and (2) replacing more expensive oils and fats with cheaper oils (Huq et al, 2022;Jeep, 2002).…”

Design and Performance Test of Specific Primers to Detect Bovine DNA Fragments using Multiplex PCR Technique for Halal Authentification

“…Food adulteration is often found in food processing (Esteki et al, 2019;Huq et al, 2022;Tibola et al, 2018). Foodstuff is adulterated for various reasons, including increasing margin, carelessness, or covering up defects that might occur in the food (Banti, 2020;Choudhary et al, 2020;Sharma et al, 2017).…”