2012
DOI: 10.1590/s0100-40422012000500018
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Fatores que influenciam a formação da fase β-PbO2 em filmes eletrossintetizados galvanostaticamente sobre substrato de tecido de carbono

Abstract: Recebido em 5/8/11; aceito em 21/11/11; publicado na web em 31/1/12 FACTORS GOVERNING THE FORMATION OF THE β-PbO 2 PHASE ELECTROFORMED GALVANOSTATICALLY ON THE CARBON CLOTH SUBSTRATE. PbO 2 films were electroformed onto carbon cloth substrates (twill woven type) in acid conditions using the nitrate precursor by changing the electrodeposition current density, temperature and pH, in order to optimize the formation of the β-PbO 2 phase. The crystal structure and morphology of the PbO 2 films were investigated usi… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(3 citation statements)
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References 13 publications
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“…Lead dioxide is polymorphic, and the properties of three phases are well documented in the literature: an orthorhombic phase (α-PbO 2 , with a columbite structure), a tetragonal phase (β-PbO 2 , with a rutile structure), and a high-pressure γ-modification. Both α-PbO 2 (space group Pbcn) and β-PbO 2 (space group P42/mnm) are stable at room temperature and pressure, with the β-phase being the most stable in neutral/acid conditions, while α-PbO 2 is favored in alkaline environments [ 58 ], as described by the following equations: Pb 2+ (aq) + Cl 2(g) + 2H 2 O ⇌ β-PbO 2(s) + 2Cl − (aq) + 4H + (aq) Pb 2+ (aq) + Cl 2(g) + 4OH − (aq) ⇌ α-PbO 2(s) + 2H 2 O + 2Cl − (aq) …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Lead dioxide is polymorphic, and the properties of three phases are well documented in the literature: an orthorhombic phase (α-PbO 2 , with a columbite structure), a tetragonal phase (β-PbO 2 , with a rutile structure), and a high-pressure γ-modification. Both α-PbO 2 (space group Pbcn) and β-PbO 2 (space group P42/mnm) are stable at room temperature and pressure, with the β-phase being the most stable in neutral/acid conditions, while α-PbO 2 is favored in alkaline environments [ 58 ], as described by the following equations: Pb 2+ (aq) + Cl 2(g) + 2H 2 O ⇌ β-PbO 2(s) + 2Cl − (aq) + 4H + (aq) Pb 2+ (aq) + Cl 2(g) + 4OH − (aq) ⇌ α-PbO 2(s) + 2H 2 O + 2Cl − (aq) …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lead dioxide is polymorphic, and the properties of three phases are well documented in the literature: an orthorhombic phase (α-PbO 2 , with a columbite structure), a tetragonal phase (β-PbO 2 , with a rutile structure), and a high-pressure γ-modification. Both α-PbO 2 (space group Pbcn) and β-PbO 2 (space group P42/mnm) are stable at room temperature and pressure, with the β-phase being the most stable in neutral/acid conditions, while α-PbO 2 is favored in alkaline environments [58], as described by the following equations: Pb 2+ (aq) + Cl 2(g) + 2H As can be gleaned from the standard reduction potentials of the half-reactions mentioned below, there is only a slight thermodynamic difference in stability between scrutinyte and plattnerite in standard conditions [59]: Thus, it is unsurprising that the dissolution reactions of both phases are also characterized by equilibrium solubility products constants of similar magnitude, only very slightly favoring the precipitation of β-PbO 2 [60]: Hence, tetragonal or β-PbO 2 (plattnerite) is thought to be in the most stable form at room temperature and pressure [61], while in many practical situations, the co-precipitation of both forms may occur. Empirically, β-PbO 2 has often been detected during investigations of discoloration phenomena affecting both white and red lead [34][35][36][37][38], while scrutinyite has been identified in fewer instances [62,63].…”
Section: Plattnerite β-Pbo 2 and Scrutinyite α-Pbomentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Los óxidos metálicos en este trabajo fueron elegidos porque comparten el mismo modo de cristalización tipo rutilo y la cara cristalina más estable, que es la (110) [59][60][61] . Esta cara tiene la particularidad de estar formada por oxígenos que sobresalen de la superficie, llamados oxígenos en posición puente, y de una hilera de átomos metálicos coordinados a cinco oxígenos (Figura 3), a diferencia de los que corresponden al bulto que están coordinados a seis átomos de oxígeno.…”
Section: Elección De Modelos De Superficieunclassified