Fatores de risco para baixo peso ao nascer em maternidades públicas: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Low birth weight is considered the most influentialfactor in determining neonatal morbidity and mortality. Also it may be associated with low levels of socioeconomic development and maternal and child care. This quantitative research aims to describe the risk factors for low birth weight newborns in public hospitals in the city of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results suggest the main risk factors are: the preterm birth,family income below - two minimum salaries, nulliparity and multiparity, the occurrence of previous abortion, surgery delivery, infections, pre-eclampsia and a history of other children of low weight. It is recommended to invest in the quality of prenatal care, since many of these risk factors can be avoided or minimized by prenatal care quality.

Comportamento de Escolares Estratificados pelo Peso ao Nascer e Idade Gestacional

“…A mortalidade dos bebês de risco diminuiu, porém a morbidade dessas crianças aumentou, o que põe em foco a necessidade de estudos que visem compreender o desenvolvimento dessas crianças mais vulneráveis (Ferraz & Neves, 2011). No Brasil são escassos os estudos que avaliam os efeitos dos riscos biológicos e das adversidades a eles associadas ao longo do desenvolvimento dessas crianças, especialmente em estudos de coortes (Cardoso et al, 2007;Linhares, Bordin, & Carvalho, 2004).…”

Nascimento prematuro e assistência pré-natal: revisão integrativa à luz de Canguilhem Premature birth and prenatal care: integrative review in the light of Canguilhem

“…[16][17][18][20][21] Studies conclude that these factors contribute to premature birth, low birth weight and subsequent child mortality.…”

“…18 The prevalence of preterm births was also high even in the presence of adequate prenatal care evaluated according to the recommended minimum number of queries, finding out that the rise in coverage without improving the quality of prenatal care does not reduce the prevalence of early birth. [20][21] Even though the quality of prenatal care has not been the central object of the investigated studies, this has been pointed as a primary factor to be considered regarding the prevention of preterm birth -considering that many of the risk factors can be avoided or minimized through a good prenatal care. In this case, it is recommended that in addition to the improvement of the quality of life of the population (income and education) and increased access to services, it is essential to guarantee the performance of a good quality prenatal.…”

“…In this case, it is recommended that in addition to the improvement of the quality of life of the population (income and education) and increased access to services, it is essential to guarantee the performance of a good quality prenatal. [16][17][18][20][21] The inadequate or absent prenatal care can be defined as the no detection and subsequent lack of treatment of adverse conditions during pregnancy. In addition to the number of consultations, the early initiation of prenatal care in the first trimester and the care provided to the binomium mother/son are considered important for the reduction of prematurity.…”

“…Even when texts referred to the appropriate amount of consultations during pregnancy, the authors indicated the need for an improvement in care treatments as a strategy to reduce premature births. 17,[20][21] For the improvement in prenatal care -besides the mother's perception of her own health -is important to analyze the pregnant women in the family and community. Thus, it would be formed a bond with the woman, which would promote the continuous monitoring of pregnancy, according to the same principles of the field hospital.…”