Fatores de risco maternos para prematuridade em uma maternidade pública de Imperatriz-MA

Abstract

RESUMOApesar dos avanços da obstetrícia, a prematuridade ainda se configura como um dos grandes problemas de saúde pública, em virtude da morbidade e da mortalidade neonatal que causa. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar fatores de risco maternos para nascimentos de prematuros em uma maternidade pública de Imperatriz-MA. Um estudo comparativo transversal foi realizado com 116 puérperas, por meio de entrevistas estruturadas. Os dados coletados foram analisados através do Software Epi-Info, versão 3.5.1. As variáveis que tiveram associação estatisticamente significante com a prematuridade foram: renda mensal inferior a 2 salários mínimos (p=0,046); estresse na gestação (p=0,027); primiparidade (p=0,044); assistência pré-natal ausente ou inadequada (p<0,001); e intercorrências clínicas na gestação (p=0,001). Os resultados apontam que os fatores de risco maternos implicados na prematuridade estão relacionados, sobretudo, com hábitos de vida, assistência pré-natal e condições socioeconômicas e clínicas.Descritores: Fatores de risco. Trabalho de parto prematuro. Saúde da mulher. Almeida AC, Jesus ACP, Lima PFT, Araújo MFM, Araújo TM. Fatores de risco maternos para prematuridade em uma maternidade pública de Imperatriz-MA. Rev Gaúcha Enferm., Porto Alegre (RS) 2012 jun;33(2):86-94. RESUMEN A pesar de los avances en la obstetricia y la prematuridad sigue siendo un problema importante de salud pública debido a la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal que causa. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los factores de riesgo maternos para los nacimientos prematuros en una maternidad pública en ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Maternal and neonatal factors related to prematurity

“…This finding agrees with those presented in the literature (1,10,13,19,(26)(27)(28) . A study in Imperatriz, Maranhão concluded that if prenatal care is absent or inadequate, this would increase the chances of prematurity by five times (26) , which was also the conclusion of a cohort study carried out in Londrina (1) .…”

“…A study in Imperatriz, Maranhão concluded that if prenatal care is absent or inadequate, this would increase the chances of prematurity by five times (26) , which was also the conclusion of a cohort study carried out in Londrina (1) . Another cross-sectional study identified that, for women with fewer than four doctor visits, the chances increased by five times, while for those who had made between four and seven doctor visits the chances would increase by more than twice (19,27) . Vasconcelos et al, however, in a case-control study, found an odds ratio of four for women without complete prenatal care to have a premature delivery (28) .…”

Association between breastfeeding, obstetric factors and child development in Northeast Brazil

“…Relative to income, there was no relationship with ND, which contradicts other studies that negatively associated low income with the children's ND [15][16][17] .…”

“…In relation to income, most of the sample showed a monthly income lower than the minimum wage (68.69%) with income ranging from 0 to R$2,500.00 (Brazilian currency) and an average of R$ 394. 16. Regarding the number of children, the study found an average of around two children, ranging from 1 to 4 children ( Table 1).…”

“…Although studies have demonstrated the existence of a link between prematurity and delayed development of the child 14,15 . From the data on GA, it was observed that most children were born at term (81.82%), the data associated with the high number of mothers who received PN (98.99%), shows that the absence of prenatal care may be linked to prematurity 16,17 .…”