Fatores de risco, etiologia e aspectos clínicos da mastite em ovelhas de corte no Paraná

Abstract

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(1):1-10, janeiro 2014 1 RESUMO.-A mastite em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês apresenta-se como um problema de grande proporção e gravidade e é dificilmente tratada com sucesso. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e etiológicos da mastite clínica em ovelhas de corte criadas no norte do Paraná. O presente estudo foi realizado entre os meses Mastits is infrequent in meat ewes. However Santa Ines ewes have a high incidence of this disease and it is severe and difficult to treat. The goal of this study was to characterize clinical, epidemiological and etiological aspects of clinical mastitis in meat ewes reared in the north of Parana, Brazil. Fifith four farms were visited from October 2009 to September 2010. The surveyed data included frequency, breeds of sheep affected, lamb mortality rates, main clinical signs, attempts and outcome of treatment, method and period of weaning and management features. Seventy ewes with clinical mastitis were fully examinated and samples of mammary secretion were asseptically taken for bacteriological culture. Mastitis was identified in 39 farms (72.3%) as a relevant problem (mean frequency was 6,74%). Chronic and acute mastitis were observed in 69% and 31% of the examinated ewes, respectively. In both cases, phlegmonous mastitis was the most prevalent form (65.5%). Coagulase negative Staphylococccus (CNS) was the main isolated microorganism (54.5%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (11.5%, each one). Mannheimia haemolytica was found in two cases. The risk factors for clinical mastitis were intensive management system and Santa Ines breed. Weaning after 120 days of lactation and isolation of affected ewes were associated with lower frequency of mastitis. Preventive measures recommended are daily cleaning of facilities and delayed weaning, mainly in Santa Ines flocks.

Influence of lactation stages and rain periods on subclinical mastitis in meat producing ewes

“…Predominance of CNS among the microorganisms isolated in the cases of subclinical mastitis (Table 2) is in agreement with that reported by other authors (SPANU et al, 2011;FRAGKOU et al, 2014;PEREIRA et al, 2014). In table 3, the mean values for the milk characteristics of interest are shown according to the sheep breeds and the dry and rainy periods, in the weaning and postpartum stages of the consecutive lactation.…”

“…However, Ciência Rural, v.46, n.10, out, 2016. similar results were reported by PEREIRA et al (2014), although these authors have analyzed clinical mastitis. According to these authors, the period with the highest occurrence of the disease was observed in the beginning of lactation.…”

“…Consequently, there is an increase in the mortality of lambs and a premature disposal of animals when the subclinical form of the disease evolves to the clinic one, thus limiting economic exploitation in meat-producing sheep (COUTINHO et al, 2006;MAROGNA et al, 2010). PEREIRA et al (2014) reported a reduction in weight gain of suckling lambs in farms with mastitis cases and neonatal lamb deaths due to absence or decrease in milk production by ewes.…”

“…Differently, the weaning stage is associated with lower rates of the disease, except when the producer uses management practices such as early weaning. This condition may favor the development of infection in ewes with higher milk production by retaining the milk in the glands (PEREIRA et al, 2014). There are studies about the influence of climate or stage of lactation on disease occurrence in ewes with lower dairy potential, as well as with the cellular characteristics of these sheep (BLAGITZ et al, 2008;BLAGITZ et al, 2012;BLAGITZ et al, 2013).…”

Persistência De Staphylococcus Coagulase-Negativos Em Glândulas Mamárias De Ovelhas Com Mastite Subclínica Após O Tratamento Antimicrobiano À Secagem

“…Apesar de Pereira et al (23) terem investigado fatores de risco para a forma clínica da mastite e não a subclínica, estes autores defendem que a manutenção de fêmeas doentes junto a sadias pode contribuir para o aumento do número de casos da doença, pois os cordeiros possuem o hábito de mamar em outras ovelhas além da sua mãe, o que pode acontecer também em animais com mastite subclínica. Adicionalmente, outros fatores podem interferir no controle da doença, como um sistema de criação mais intensivo e a ausência de limpeza das instalações, citados também por estes autores.…”