Fatores associados ao estado nutricional de escolares de 7 a 10 anos: aspectos sociodemográficos, de consumo alimentar e estado nutricional dos pais

Abstract

There was a high prevalence of overweight/obesity among schoolchildren, which was associated with the nutritional status of mothers and fathers. These results confirm the need to prevent overweight/obesity in schoolchildren with actions that also involve the family environment in order to reduce obesity in this population.

Excess weight in preschool children: The role of food intake

“…The prevalence of overweight/obesity reported by Bernardo et al 26 was 1.58 times higher in schoolers whose mothers were preobese/obese and 1.41 times higher in schoolers whose parents were preobese/obese compared with mothers and fathers without the condition. Thus, early on, children need to be in an environment with a healthy and diverse diet, and adequate supply of fruits and vegetables as this will determine the establishment of healthy food habits.…”

“…A higher education level should lead to better knowledge about healthy lifestyles, which would be a protective factor against overweight/ obesity. On the other hand, it may be associated with higher income and consequently, more access to food, including fast food, and a sedentary lifestyle, which are risk factors for excess body weight 26 .…”

Factors associated with overweight among elementary schoolchildren in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

“…The self-administered parental questionnaire was designed by the researchers using several questionnaires and articles 7,[17][18][19][20] , and covered: 1) demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (sex; parental schooling; number of household dwellers; household items: refrigerator, washing machine, computer, internet, car, motorcycle); 2) parental chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia) and gestational weight gain; 3) environmental characteristics (fast-food restaurants in the neighborhood); 4) child's weekly food intake frequency (French fries, flavored snacks, noodles, chicken nugget, cookies, candies/sweets, soft drinks, ultra-processed fruit juice, powdered juice, fruits, fresh and cooked vegetables, salads, and milk -the first nine were chosen as markers of an unhealthy diet, and the last four, a healthy diet); 5) adult physical activity (walking and playing sports), 6) adult anthropometric measurements (self-reported weight and height) were used to calculate the parental BMI [BMI = weight (kg)/height (m The students' self-administered food preferences and physical activity questionnaire was based on the Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2009 (PeNSE, National Students' Health Survey) 21 . Students who had difficulties to fill out the questionnaire were assisted by interviewers.…”

Associação Entre Doenças Metabólicas e Parâmetros Hemodinâmicos de Filhos Obesos e Suas Mães

“…26,27 Ressalta-se que fatores genéticos não são os únicos contribuintes para a presença de alterações metabólicas e pressóricas em crianças, pois há diversos fatores de risco externos, tais como hábitos alimentares inadequados, sedentarismo, condições socioeconômicas e sobrepeso/obesidade dos pais, que também contribuem diretamente para o estado nutricional e o desenvolvimento de doenças em crianças e adolescentes. Estudos evidenciam que o contexto familiar (estilo de vida e hábitos cotidianos) influencia na formação dos hábitos alimentares e prática de atividade física de crianças, 28,29,30 e desta forma, indicam que hábitos de ambientes familiares obesogênicos somados à hereditariedade compõem importantes fatores para o desenvolvimento da obesidade e de comorbidades associadas a doença. 31 No presente estudo, observou-se associação entre elevação dos níveis de pressão arterial materna e entre os filhos, resultado este que não é coincidente com os resultados de Mendes et al 32 que não encontrou associação estatisticamente significante entre os níveis pressóricos dos pais com seus respectivos filhos.…”