Mountain biking (MTB), also known as off-road cycling, refers to cycling on purpose-built trails in mountains and other unpaved surfaces. This study proposes an integrative review of the literature to highlight the most common orthopedic injuries associated with the practice of MTB. A review study was conducted, using periodicals published in the PubMed databases and the Virtual Health Library (VHL) as a basis. The results of this research were divided into: Table 1 (Characteristics of the productions included in the review) and Table 2 (Synthesis of the productions according to the main results). The prevalent injuries worthy of special attention are related to the upper limb, such as clavicle fractures and dislocations, in addition to wrist injuries, often resulting from falls and direct impacts. The importance of preventive measures, such as the appropriate use of protective equipment, including helmets, gloves and wrist protectors, is highlighted.