Fatigue of NiTi SMA–pulley system using Taguchi and ANOVA

Jani, Jaronie Mohd; Leary, Martin; Subic, Aleksandar

doi:10.1088/0964-1726/25/5/057001

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consequently, SMA actuators have been successfully used in automotive, aerospace, and biomedical fields. [87] However, they have limitations in respect of robotic rehabilitation, and these are low efficiency, a small strain range (up to 8%), and high thermal hysteresis making them difficult to control. [18,33,34] Nevertheless, SMA is the most used AMSM for rehabilitation robots, and it has been used within nine different devices.…”

Section: Smasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Wearable Rehabilitation Robots with Artificial Muscles based on Smart Materials: A Review

Gonzalez-Vazquez

Garcia

Kilby

et al. 2023

Advanced Intelligent Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the past decade, wearable devices such as exoskeletons have gained popularity [1] in different fields, such as the military, [2] industry, [3] and rehabilitation. [4] In the latter, rehabilitation exoskeletons are used to restore or maintain the functionality and mobility of people with physical disabilities. [5] These are receiving greater attention as the number of people with disabilities affecting physical performance will increase in the following decades as the population ages and individuals live longer with noncommunicable conditions (e.g., cerebral palsy, stroke, acquired brain injuries, and muscular dystrophies). [6][7][8] Most current exoskeletons use electric motors and rigid links to realize actuation and often have heavy and bulky designs that are difficult to safely wear outside clinical facilities. [9] Hence, researchers in this area are working to develop soft wearable rehabilitation robots (SWRRs), featuring soft actuators that are agreeable to the users as they have increased compliance, adaptability, comfort, safety, and less weight. [10][11][12] Currently, SWRR relies mainly upon two soft robotic technologies, cable-driven and fluidic actuators. For a cable-driven system, the wire is embedded into clothes or tubes and attached to an anchor point. The other side of the wire is connected to an electric motor to generate the desired movement and force by pulling the cable [13,14] (Figure 1a). Alternatively, in fluidic actuation (Hydraulic/Pneumatic), a pressurized fluid is inserted into a chamber made of highly deformable material to generate a displacement [11,15,16] (Figure 1b). However, these require large and heavy external pumps and valves to compress the fluid. [17] Unfortunately, cable-driven and fluidic actuation need cumbersome components (e.g., electric motors, pumps, and valves) to work, compromising the portability of the systems when used in daily life. [18] Therefore, in recent years, research has been committed to developing new actuator technologies that can overcome the drawbacks of the current actuators used in SWRR. These technologies include artificial muscles based on smart materials (AMSMs). AMSMs are soft actuators composed primarily of material with a low Young's modulus similar to that of soft biological materials (10 ^4-10 ^9 Pa) that can sense and directly convert physical stimulus (e.g., light, electrical, heat) into physical displacement. [19][20][21][22][23] Some examples of smart materials are shape-memory alloy (SMA), [24] dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), [25] ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC), [26] shapememory polymers (SMPs), [27] and twisted and coiled polymer actuators (TCPs). [28] Due to their inherent properties and manufacturing processes, AMSM can be fabricated in various shapes, allowing them to be embedded into flexible and deformable wearable devices. [29][30][31][32] Furthermore, it is possible to fabricate robots with a relatively small weight and volume as they present a power density comparable to the skeletal muscles. [33] Neverthe...

show abstract

Section: Smasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Wearable Rehabilitation Robots with Artificial Muscles based on Smart Materials: A Review

Gonzalez-Vazquez

Garcia

Kilby

et al. 2023

Advanced Intelligent Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4D printing is generally regarded as 3D printing of smart materials that can change shape or other properties with time under external stimuli including humidity, [ 1 ] light, [ 2 ] heat, [ 3 ] electric fields, [ 4 ] or magnetic fields. [ 5 ] The materials used mainly include hydrogels, [ 6 ] shape memory polymers, [ 7 ] alloys, [ 8 ] and liquid crystal elastomers. [ 9 ] Among the above materials, a 4D printed sample based on polymer materials has a large deformation range, low mechanical strength, slow response speed, and low driving force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic 4D Printing of Laser Stimulation

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

4D printing of metallic shape‐morphing systems can be applied in many fields, including aerospace, smart manufacturing, naval equipment, and biomedical engineering. The existing forming materials for metallic 4D printing are still very limited except shape memory alloys. Herein, a 4D printing method to endow non‐shape‐memory metallic materials with active properties is presented, which could overcome the shape‐forming limitation of traditional material processing technologies. The thermal stress spatial control of 316L stainless steel forming parts is achieved by programming the processing parameters during a laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. The printed parts can realize the shape changing of selected areas during or after forming process owing to stress release generated. It is demonstrated that complex metallic shape‐morphing structures can be manufactured by this method. The principles of printing parameters programmed and thermal stress pre‐set are also applicable to other thermoforming materials and additive manufacturing processes, which can expand not only the materials used for 4D printing but also the applications of 4D printing technologies.

show abstract

“…Many previous studies have demonstrated that tendon‐based actuation using tension or shape memory alloy (SMA) cables can effectively provide actuators with high‐output and large‐strain mechanisms. [ 30–34 ] The actuation speed of tendon‐based actuators mainly depends on their agonist–antagonist configuration, which makes it difficult to achieve high‐speed locomotion owing to the slight force exertion, large deformation, and slow response of soft materials. [ 35–39 ] Nature has been a source of inspiration for developing artificial high‐speed and high‐output mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mechanisms. [30][31][32][33][34] The actuation speed of tendon-based actuators mainly depends on their agonist-antagonist configuration, which makes it difficult to achieve high-speed locomotion owing to the slight force exertion, large deformation, and slow response of soft materials. [35][36][37][38][39] Nature has been a source of inspiration for developing artificial high-speed and high-output mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroactive Bistable Actuators with Tunable Snap‐through Performances and Adjustable Mechanical Bending Modes for Ultrafast Bioinspired Systems

Dong

Xiong

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, actuators based on smart materials have attracted considerable research interest owing to their safe and adaptive interaction with humans and harsh environments, which facilitates a wide range of novel functionalities that are difficult to achieve using conventional rigid actuators. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Although such actuators are advantageous, owing to the growing demand for favorable actuator properties, there remains substantial scope for improvement in terms of enabling the actuators to achieve high performance in complex environments. [7][8][9][10][11] At present, the bottleneck in the development of intelligent actuators is mainly associated with improving their response characteristics and mechanical properties, which are mainly limited by the physical trade-off between the force and the velocity of the locomotion structure and the control strategy. [12][13][14][15][16] In nature, the skeletal-tendon structure, which has evolved over millions of years, is a crucial component of the locomotor system of animals. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Its design is well-known for its ability to circumvent the forcevelocity trade-off of muscle motors through the mechanism of power amplification. Moreover, it can improve the energy efficiency, that is, energy transformation, response properties, and mechanical performances, by tuning the storage and release of strain energy in the skeletal-tendon structure. [23][24][25] For example, many birds realize their walking, jumping, and zeropower perching actions by controlling the strain energy stored in their legs' skeletal-tendon system. [26] Similarly, cheetahs benefit from the strain energy stored in their elastic and rigid/semirigid components to achieve excellent running and jumping performance owing to the high-power amplification mechanism of the skeleton-tendon structure in their spine. [27][28][29] These examples have inspired the design of high-power actuators that can achieve excellent response and mechanical properties in different working environments.Many previous studies have demonstrated that tendon-based actuation using tension or shape memory alloy (SMA) cables can effectively provide actuators with high-output and large-strain

show abstract

Fatigue of NiTi SMA–pulley system using Taguchi and ANOVA

Cited by 30 publications

References 53 publications

Soft Wearable Rehabilitation Robots with Artificial Muscles based on Smart Materials: A Review

Soft Wearable Rehabilitation Robots with Artificial Muscles based on Smart Materials: A Review

Metallic 4D Printing of Laser Stimulation

Electroactive Bistable Actuators with Tunable Snap‐through Performances and Adjustable Mechanical Bending Modes for Ultrafast Bioinspired Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About