Fatigue of mammalian nerve in relation to the cell body and vascular supply

Causey, G.; Schoepfle, Gordon M.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1951.sp004658

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although Erlanger & Gasser (1937) These experiments also confirm Erlanger & Gasser's (1937) observation that small fibres suffer greater delays in conduction than large ones during the subnormal period, and Hill's (1950) assertion that large nerve fibres are able to conduct at higher frequencies and are more resistant to fatigue than smaller ones. Causey & Schoepfle (1951) come to a similar conclusion. The experiment partly illustrated by Fig.…”

Section: Intermittent Conductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Conduction along the dorsal tracts of the spinal cord

Holmgren¹

1954

The Journal of Physiology

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Gasser & Graham (1933) described an abrupt fall in velocity of conduction of the afferent spikes conveyed by the sensory fibres of the sciatic nerve of the cat on ascending a few centimetres in the dorsal tracts. They considered that this was probably due to the reduction in diameter of the fibres that ascend in the fasciculus gracilis resulting from the division of the incoming dorsal root fibres into ascending and descending branches at their entrance into the dorsal columns of the spinal cord and the large number of collaterals given off at this level.Studying the articular sensory pathways by stimulating the afferent fibres from the knee joint, Gardner, Latimer & Stilwell (1949) were unable to observe distinct spike potentials for more than a short distance along the dorsal column, when trying to follow these potentials with surface recording electrodes. Therefore they resorted to stimulation of the dorsal funiculi and to recording the antidromic impulses in the peripheral nerves. By this method they could trace some articular fibres up to the medulla. In these fibres the rate of conduction dropped from 90-100 m/sec in the peripheral portion to 40-60 m/sec at the thoracic region and to only [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]

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Section: Intermittent Conductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Conduction along the dorsal tracts of the spinal cord

Holmgren¹

1954

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Recent studies have suggested that slight changes in nodal dimensions can significantly alter conduction velocities without failure (10). Causey and Schoepfle demonstrated a similar proportionally greater reduction in amplitude in rabbit sciatic nerve that was stimulated at more than 400 Hz over 2 hours (3). In their experiments, no attempt was made to make the nerve ischemic and it effectively became fatigued by metabolic stress alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Our aim was to create a model of the rabbit sciatic nerve that would produce a relatively localized ischemic condition without direct compression and to determine if this focal ischemia would produce any significant changes in function. Because nerves in anesthetized animals are quiescent and nerve action potentials are dependent on an active energy metabolism, we metabolically challenged the sciatic nerve by repetitive stimulation over a prolonged period to hasten any effect of ischemia; this had previously been shown to be effective in reducing nerve conduction properties (3,4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional degradation of the rabbit sciatic nerve during noncompressive segmental ischemia

Kanaya

Breidenbach

Firrell

1996

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate functional degradation in a nerve with a local ischemic segment created without a direct compression effect. Ischemia of one segment of a rabbit sciatic nerve was induced by stripping the nerve's extrinsic blood supply along 15 cm. Blood flow of both in situ and ischemic nerves was quantitatively measured with radioactive microspheres in six serial segments in seven animals. The flow in one middle segment of the stripped nerve was significantly reduced to 0.1 ml/min per 100 g (p = 0.006). In another eight animals, both in situ and stripped nerves were metabolically challenged with repetitive stimuli (200 Hz). Conduction velocity and peak amplitude were measured before stimuli, after 30 and 60 minutes of stimuli, and after a 30-minute recovery period. Conduction velocity was reduced in both nonischemic and stripped nerves during prolonged repetitive stimulation. Peak amplitude was reduced slightly in the nonischemic group and markedly in the stripped group. Normal or higher values were seen again in both groups during the recovery period. It was demonstrated, therefore, that conduction properties of the nerve, especially amplitude, can be affected by localized ischemia in one segment.

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“…The return of the conduction time to normal and the effect of the blood supply on this recovery have been reported in previous papers (Causey & Schoepfle, 1951; Causey & Stratmann, 1953 a, b). The purpose of the present investigation was to study the behaviour of degenerating nerves under the same conditions.…”

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confidence: 85%

Recovery of degenerating mammalian nerve after prolonged stimulation

Causey¹,

Stratmann²

1954

The Journal of Physiology

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When large numbers of closely succeeding stimuli are applied to a mammalian nerve with intact blood supply, the conduction time of the compound action potential is increased. The return of the conduction time to normal and the effect of the blood supply on this recovery have been reported in previous papers (Causey & Schoepfle, 1951; Causey & Stratmann, 1953 a, b). The purpose of the present investigation was to study the behaviour of degenerating nerves under the same conditions.In previous work (Causey & Stratmann, 1953b;Causey & Palmer, 1952 we have related failure of conduction and the centrifugal course of this failure to the increasing area of the non-myelinated axoplasm at the node of Ranvier. The recovery of degenerating nerve fibres after prolonged repetitive stimulation indicates that the ability of a nerve to recover is not greatly changed until such time as it ceases to conduct. METHODSRabbits of about 2-5 kg were used for all experiments. The operation of sectioning the tibial nerve in the region of the pelvic notch, under aseptic conditions, while leaving the blood supply intact, has been fully described (Causey & Stratmann, 1953b). The animals were allowed to recover. After periods of 24-60 hr the animals were anaesthetized with urethane, and the degenerating portion of the tibial nerve was stimulated in the middle, the action potentials being recorded at the two ends in vivo by the method previously described (Causey & Stratmann, 1953a). The nerves were stimulated for 2 hr at a frequency of 600/sec. The stimulus strength was supramaximal at the beginning of each experiment. One hour was allowed for recovery during which time the response of the two ends of the nerve to single stimuli was examined periodically.As before (Causey & Stratmann, 1953a) the change of conduction time of the fastest fibres, measured from the end of the stimulus artifact to the initial rise from the base-line of the negative wave of the transmitted compound action potential, was used as an index of fatigue and recovery. The changes of conduction time are expressed as percentages of the initial conduction time at the beginning of each experiment. In all experiments the greatest care was taken to ensure as little interference as possible with the blood supply to all parts of the nerve under examination.

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Fatigue of mammalian nerve in relation to the cell body and vascular supply

Abstract: The sequence of fatigue and recovery in peripheral nerve, and its dependence on the cell body and the blood supply of the nerve, has never been thoroughly investigated.

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Conduction along the dorsal tracts of the spinal cord

Conduction along the dorsal tracts of the spinal cord

Functional degradation of the rabbit sciatic nerve during noncompressive segmental ischemia

Recovery of degenerating mammalian nerve after prolonged stimulation

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