Fatigue behavior of beech and pine wood modified with low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin

Pečnik, Jaka Gašper; Kutnar, Andreja; Militz, Holger; Schwarzkopf, Matthew; Schwager, Hannes

doi:10.1515/hf-2020-0015

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…At the level of intermediate products (e.g., boards), recent research deals with strength grading and quality assessment [105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114], adhesive technology [89,[115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124] as well as improving dimensional stability [125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132]. The grading of European beech logs and boards for the use in structural products is of increasing importance [105,113,114].…”

Section: Selected Research Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utilization of European Beech Wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Europe

Pramreiter

Grabner

2023

Forests

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European beech is one of the dominating wood species in central Europe and the most abundant hardwood species in Austrian, German and Swiss forests. Today, it is predominantly used for the provision of energy and in the furniture industry. With the increasing demand on forests to provide sustainable raw materials for energy as well as products, the importance of lesser-used wood species like European beech has continuously increased over the last decade. The application in load-bearing products has gained significant interest. In order to connect the current and historical state of knowledge about this wood species, this review provides an overview of the past and present utilization of European beech wood. On the basis of the historical literature, technical approvals and standards of established products, it aims to summarize the extensive state of the art of this wood species and provide an overview of recent scientific publications in the field of wood material science. Based on the reviewed literature, current research efforts deal with different engineered wood products like glued laminated timber, cross-laminated timber and laminated veneer lumber. Furthermore, strength grading, adhesive technology as well as improving dimensional stability is of particular interest.

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Section: Selected Research Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utilization of European Beech Wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Europe

Pramreiter

Grabner

2023

Forests

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“…PF resins have different properties based on their M w and shape. As passive impregnation agents, it is important to evaluate the relationships among the penetration depths of PF resins, capacity of PF resins, and chemical and physical characteristics of the wood structure [34][35][36]. places into which PF resin can impregnate.…”

Section: Mechanism Underlying the Modification Of Beech Wood Via Pf R...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Phenol–Formaldehyde Resin Oligomer Molecular Weight on the Strength Properties of Beech Wood

Qian

Biziks

Militz

2022

Forests

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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of four phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin treatments with different molecular weights at four different concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20%) in treated beech wood. The mechanical properties of untreated and treated beech wood were evaluated. After impregnation with PF resin, all modified beech wood at all PF resin concentrations exhibited an increase in weight percent gain compared with that in untreated beech samples. PF resins with lower molecular weights more easily penetrate the wood cell wall, leading to increased bulking of the wood structure, which in turn improves the dimensional stability of the wood. The PF resin treatment with a molecular weight of 305 g/mol showed better impregnation ability than that of the other PF resins. The impact bending strength of PF-treated wood was considerably reduced because PF-cured resins formed inside the wood and are rigid and brittle. Additionally, PF resin treatments at all concentrations decreased the modulus of elasticity of the wood. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy revealed that the PF resins were comparatively well fixed in the wood samples. The results indicate that the large molecular weight PF resins are more uniformly distributed in the fiber lumens.

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“…Wood exhibits complex viscous, elastic and plastic anisotropic behaviour. The complex nonlinear behavior of wood and the variability of its properties, which are explained by the conditions of origin and functioning of this natural composite [2,6,7,8,9], predetermine the need to continue research in the designated area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monotonic and cyclic load of pine wood under uniaxial compression: experiments and modeling

Kolesnikov,

Nazarev

2023

E3S Web of Conf.

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To analyze the behavior of wood under uniaxial monotonic deformation, we applied an analytical model to separately control of the pre-peak and post-peak branches of the load-displacement curve. Two criteria for the transition of wood into the plastic stage of deformation are considered. To analyze the behavior of wood under cyclic uniaxial deformation, we used the load-displacement curve obtained for monotonic deformation as an envelope. Equations for the plotted of load-displacement curves under cyclic loading with incomplete unloading are proposed. As an experimental and model illustration, the behavior of a pine specimen under cyclic uniaxial compression with incomplete unloading in the range from 8 to 15 kN is considered. Because the highest cyclic load exceeds the load at the point of transition of wood into the plastic stage, the deformation process has already after 54 cycles moved to the downward branch of the load-displacement curve for monotonic deformation. The simulation results are in agreement with experimental and literature data, which suggests the suitability of this method for the study of some wood-based composites.

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Fatigue behavior of beech and pine wood modified with low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

The Utilization of European Beech Wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Europe

The Utilization of European Beech Wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Europe

Influence of Phenol–Formaldehyde Resin Oligomer Molecular Weight on the Strength Properties of Beech Wood

Monotonic and cyclic load of pine wood under uniaxial compression: experiments and modeling

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