Fatigue behavior enhancement of short fiber glass reinforced polyamide by adding phase change materials

Casado, Julio; Gutiérrez‐Solana, F.; Carrascal, I.; Diego, Soraya; Polanco, J.A.; Hernández, D.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.02.059

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, as vacuum polycondensation time increases, the polymer dispersity gradually narrows due to amide exchange reactions occurring at high temperatures, resulting in more uniform chain lengths. Furthermore, 13 C-NMR spectroscopy was employed to monitor alterations in the PA56 terminal groups (Figure 7d). With increasing condensation time, a reduction in the number of impurity peaks was observed, suggesting a more uniform molecular chain structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism Study of the Polymerization of Polyamide 56: Reaction Kinetics and Process Parameters

Zhao,

Gong,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Polyamide 56 (PA56) has gained significant attention in academic field due to its remarkable mechanical and thermal properties as a highly efficient and versatile biobased material. Its superior moisture absorption property also makes it unique advantage in the realm of fiber textiles. However, despite extensive investigations on PA56's molecular and aggregate state structure, as well as processing modifications, little attention has been paid to its polymerization mechanism. Here, the influence of temperature and time on PA56's polycondensation reaction is detailed studied by end‐group titration and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The reaction kinetics equations for the pre‐polymerization and vacuum melt‐polymerization stages of PA56 are established, and possible side reactions during the polycondensation process are analyzed. By optimizing the reaction process based on kinetic characteristics, PA56 resin with superior comprehensive properties (Tm of 252.6°C, Td of 371.6°C, and tensile strength of 75 MPa) is obtained. The findings provide theoretical support for the industrial production of high‐quality biobased PA56.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism Study of the Polymerization of Polyamide 56: Reaction Kinetics and Process Parameters

Zhao,

Gong,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…Since only one sample was available, a custom incremental load fatigue test, inspired to the Locati test [68,69], was performed at a rotational frequency of 0.5 Hz. The wheel was gradually loaded until its failure: cycles and applied loads are summarized in Table 4.…”

Section: Experimental Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic material-oriented design approach for lightweight components and the CFRP motor wheel case study

Cocchi

Raimondi

Brugo

et al. 2020

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Lightweighting is a need in many industrial fields and, in particular, in transports, to reduce energy consumptions and to promote more environmentally friendly solutions. In this context, the use of composite materials has become ever more strategic, and a design approach that effectively combines shapes and materials is by now mandatory. In this work, the Systematic Design Approach has been extended to include potentialities and constraints related to materials and manufacturing at the early steps of the design flow. The proposed approach, named systematic material-oriented design approach, enables designers to identify and to select, in a systematic way, design solutions where shapes are tailored to materials and where benefits and criticalities related to the manufacturing processes are considered. In the paper, each design phase of the approach is described and applied to design the carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) motor wheel of the Emilia 4 solar vehicle. Optimization steps of geometry and materials complete the approach. The design of the wheel is fully detailed as well as its manufacturing and bending tests under static and fatigue conditions. In particular, strain fields were measured with a 3D digital image correlation (DIC) system during static tests to validate the numerical model.

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“…Considering the intended application of TPUs as shock‐absorbing materials for running shoes, it is clear that the characterization of their fatigue behavior has a fundamental role. In fatigue tests on TPUs it was generally observed that the failure of the components at elevated testing cycles is generally associated to a localized increase of the temperature, but it is important to point out that this effect in low to moderate cyclic loads, that are characteristic of walking and running activities, is not so pronounced 10 . Moreover, also the manufacturing technique of TPU components strongly affects their fatigue performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the PCM microencapsulation represents an efficient way to stabilize paraffin within a polymer matrix, no comprehensive studies are nowadays present in literature on the behavior of the microencapsulated paraffin subjected to mechanical fatigue cycles 35 . Only Casado et al 10 tried to correlate the fatigue life of a composite based on a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic PA6,6 in which hydrated salts were added as PCM. They evidenced that the addition of PCM can produce a cooling effect on the thermoplastic matrix capable of controlling the viscoelastic processes that promotes the temperature enhancement of the polymer exposed to cyclic loads, with beneficial effects on the fatigue life of the material 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only Casado et al 10 tried to correlate the fatigue life of a composite based on a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic PA6,6 in which hydrated salts were added as PCM. They evidenced that the addition of PCM can produce a cooling effect on the thermoplastic matrix capable of controlling the viscoelastic processes that promotes the temperature enhancement of the polymer exposed to cyclic loads, with beneficial effects on the fatigue life of the material 10 . However, the effect of the cyclic loadings on the structural integrity and on the retention of the TES capability of the capsules has been never studied in literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐cycle fatigue behavior of flexible3Dprinted thermoplastic polyurethane blends for thermal energy storage/release applications

Rigotti

Dorigato

Pegoretti

2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Thermal energy storage (TES) materials constituted by a microencapsulated paraffin having a melting temperature of 6 C and a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix were prepared through fused deposition modeling. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs demonstrated that the microcapsules were homogeneously distributed within the matrix, with a rather good adhesion within the layers of 3D printed specimens, even at elevated concentrations of microcapsules. The presence of paraffin capsules having a rigid polymer shell lead to a stiffness increase, associated to a decrease in the stress and in the strain at break. Tensile and compressive low-cycles fatigue tests showed that the presence of microcapsules negatively affected the fatigue resistance of the samples, and that the main part of the damage occurred in the first fatigue cycles. After the first 10 loading cycles at 50% of the stress at break, a decrease in the elastic modulus ranging from 60% for neat TPU to 80% for composite materials was detected. This decrease reached 40% of the original value at 90% of the stress at break after 10 cycles. Differential scanning calorimetry tests on specimens after fatigue loading highlighted a substantial retention of the original TES capability, in the range of 80%-90% of the pristine value, even after 1000 cycles, indicating that the integrity of the capsules was maintained and that the propagation of damage during fatigue tests took probably place within the surrounding polymer matrix. It could be therefore concluded that it is possible to apply the developed blends in applications where the materials are subjected to cyclic stresses, both in tensile and compressive mode.

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Fatigue behavior enhancement of short fiber glass reinforced polyamide by adding phase change materials

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Mechanism Study of the Polymerization of Polyamide 56: Reaction Kinetics and Process Parameters

Mechanism Study of the Polymerization of Polyamide 56: Reaction Kinetics and Process Parameters

A systematic material-oriented design approach for lightweight components and the CFRP motor wheel case study

Low‐cycle fatigue behavior of flexible3Dprinted thermoplastic polyurethane blends for thermal energy storage/release applications

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