Fate of Phosphorus in Fluidized Bed Cocombustion of Chicken Litter with Wheat Straw and Bark Residues

Häggström, Gustav; Fürsatz, Katharina; Kuba, Matthias; Skoglund, Nils; Öhman, Marcus

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b03652

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This is due to the longer times available to accumulate enough of a certain phase to be above the detection limit. Häggström et al studied ash fractions accruing during the combustion of chicken manure, a barkchicken manure mixture and a straw-chicken manure mixture [47]. Some differences can be observed when comparing the detected phases in the ash to the phases detected on the surface of the bed materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of residual fuel ash layers on the catalytic activation of K-feldspar regarding the water–gas shift reaction

Fürsatz

Kuba

Janisch

et al. 2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Interaction of biomass ash and bed materials in thermochemical conversion in fluidized beds leads to changes of the bed particle surface due to ash layer formation. Ash components present on the bed particle surface strongly depend on the ash composition of the fuel. Thus, the residual biomass used has a strong influence on the surface changes on bed particles in fluidized bed conversion processes and, therefore, on the catalytic performance of the bed material layers. Ash layer formation is associated with an increase in the catalytic activity of the bed particles in gasification and plays a key role in the operability of different biomass fuels. The catalytic activation over time was observed for K-feldspar used as the bed material with bark, chicken manure, and a mixture of bark and chicken manure as fuels. The changes on the bed material surfaces were further characterized by SEM/ EDS and BET analyses. Raman, XPS, and XRD analyses were used to characterize the crystal phases on the bed material surface. An increase in surface area over time was observed for K-feldspar during the interaction with biomass ash. Additionally, a more inhomogeneous surface composition for fuels containing chicken manure in comparison to pure bark was observed. This was due to the active participation of phosphorus from the fuel ash in the ash transformation reactions leading to their presence on the particle surface. A decreased catalytic activity was observed for the same BET surface area compared to bark combustion, caused by the different fuel ash composition of chicken manure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of residual fuel ash layers on the catalytic activation of K-feldspar regarding the water–gas shift reaction

Fürsatz

Kuba

Janisch

et al. 2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…Ash particles can adhere inside of the incineration machinery and form large aggregates, decreasing efficiency of heat recovery, blocking ducts, and stopping fluidization in fluidized incineration beds. − Since these issues inhibit stable and efficient plant operation, evaluation and control of ash adhesiveness is important. The P in ashes can induce ash adhesion. − To realize recovery of P with high efficiency and stability, understanding the adhesiveness of P in ashes at high temperatures is an important research subject.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, coexisting Na and K in ashes induce formation of eutectic components with a lower melting point, and the liquid phase generated can form a liquid bridge force. − Thus, Na and K are widely accepted as elements responsible for the increase in adhesiveness. However, P may play a role similar to that of Na and K and induce formation of low-melting components. ,,, A mechanistic study about this phenomenon is needed to understand the adhesiveness of P-rich ashes. However, a study is challenging because the ashes include many elements and separating the effects of P from those caused by other components is difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Phosphorus and Iron in Particle Adhesiveness at High Temperatures Using Synthetic Ashes

Horiguchi

Ito

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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During sewage treatment, phosphorus (P) is concentrated in sewage sludge, and the sludge is incinerated to produce P-concentrated ash particles. The P-containing ash particles possess high adhesiveness at high temperatures, which can cause problems for the incineration plants. Phosphorus is considered a key element for inducing ash particles adhesiveness; however, the mechanistic details remain unclear. The present study clarified the role of P in particle adhesion at high temperatures using synthetic ashes, which consist of P and Si. The tensile strength of synthetic ash powder beds was quantified using a specially developed device that could estimate adhesiveness of particles at high temperatures. Since synthetic ash has few components compared to incineration ashes collected from commercial incineration plants, evaluating the role of P is easier. Iron (Fe)-containing chemical species are used for water treatment as chemical conditioners, and Fe also is concentrated with P in the sludge-incinerated ashes. To determine the interactions between Fe and P, iron oxide nanoparticles were added to P-containing synthetic ashes and their adhesiveness was evaluated. A small addition of iron oxide nanoparticles significantly decreased the adhesiveness of P-containing synthetic ashes at high temperatures, information that can help to control adhesiveness of sewage sludge-incinerated ashes.

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“…The analysis of ash from the fluidized bed combustion process allowed several important conclusions to be made [28,29]: (i) phosphorus was detected only in the coarse fractions-no phosphorus was found in the fine particle fraction (<1 µm), (ii) the crystalline phosphorus-containing compound was in all cases hydroxyapatite as well as whitlockite, (iii) the amorphous phase was the source of the bioavailable form of phosphorus contained in ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus-Rich Ash from Poultry Manure Combustion in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

2021

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The aim of this study was to examine the physico-chemical and phase characteristics of ash obtained in the process of the combustion of Polish poultry manure in a laboratory reactor with a bubbling fluidized bed. Three experiments, differing in the grain size and morphology of the raw material, the method of its dosing and the type of fluidized bed, were carried out. The contents of the main chemical components and trace elements in the obtained ash samples were determined using WDXRF, and the phase composition was examined through the XRD method. The morphology and the chemical composition of grains in a given micro-area using the SEM/EDS method were also investigated. The highest concentration of phosphorus (from 28.07% wt. to 29.71% wt. as P2O5 equivalent), the highest proportion of amorphous substance (from 56.7% wt. to 59.0% wt.) and the lowest content of unburned organic substance (LOI from 6.42% to 9.16%) (i.e., the best process efficiency), was obtained for the experiment in which the starting bed was quartz sand and poultry manure was fed to the reactor in the form of pellets. It has been calculated that in this case, the amorphous phase contains more than half of the phosphorus. The method of carrying out the combustion process has a significant impact on the phase composition and, consequently, on the availability of phosphorus.

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Fate of Phosphorus in Fluidized Bed Cocombustion of Chicken Litter with Wheat Straw and Bark Residues

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Impact of residual fuel ash layers on the catalytic activation of K-feldspar regarding the water–gas shift reaction

Impact of residual fuel ash layers on the catalytic activation of K-feldspar regarding the water–gas shift reaction

Role of Phosphorus and Iron in Particle Adhesiveness at High Temperatures Using Synthetic Ashes

Phosphorus-Rich Ash from Poultry Manure Combustion in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

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