Fate of maleic hydrazide in tobacco smoke

Chopra, N. M.; Verma, Madan M.; Zuniga, Thelma H.

doi:10.1021/jf00112a012

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…HAEBERER and CHORTYK (3) found a transfer rate of only 0.2%. A report by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (4) indicated a transfer of 2-3% of MH to mainstream smoke, while CHOPRA et al (5), showed values between 2.5% and 2.8%. Additionally, Liu et al (6) indicated that MH is present in smoke even if the tobacco was not treated with MH.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Transfer of Maleic Hydrazide into Mainstream Cigarette Smoke

Wood¹,

Dooly²,

Moldoveanu³

2003

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SUMMARYThis report presents the results of a study regarding the transfer of maleic hydrazide (MH) into mainstream cigarette smoke. Cigarettes with different levels of MH were used in this study. This included cigarettes with MH preexistent in the tobacco due to the agronomical practice, and with spiked MH. Because the MH can be present in tobacco as bound and free forms, both levels of MH were measured in the tobacco section. The cigarette designs covered a range of possibilities, including Plain, Filter King Size (KS), Lights 100's, Ultra Lights, etc. The results showed that the amount of MH in smoke, on the one hand, is a function of the total particulate matter (TPM) of the cigarette, and higher TPM levels lead to more MH in smoke. On the other hand, the transferred level of MH depends on the total amount of MH (both bound and free) in the tobacco. The relative % transfer is higher for lower MH levels than for higher MH levels in tobacco. When normalized by TPM, the transfer as an average is about 0.24% per mg of TPM from the amount of MH in 1 g of tobacco, and as high as 0.46% per mg of TPM from the amount of MH in 1 g tobacco for a nonfilter low MH level cigarette. The resulting MH transfer for a nonfilter cigarette with low tobacco MH is therefore about 8.3% from the total MH in the cigarette. For filter full flavor (FF) cigarettes with high tobacco levels of MH, the transfer is about 5.8%. This relative transfer rate appears to be lower from higher MH levels in tobacco. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 20 (2003)

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confidence: 99%

“…Bei "Full Flavour" (FF) Filterzigaretten mit hohen MH-Konzentrationen werden ca. 5 MH is typically applied on the upper part of tobacco plants after topping. In time, the MH becomes distributed through the whole plant where it is present both as unmodified MH and MH metabolites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of Maleic Hydrazide into Mainstream Cigarette Smoke

Wood¹,

Dooly²,

Moldoveanu³

2003

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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“…Liu and Hoffmann [ 4 ] gave main-stream MH transfer rates of 3.94%. Chopra et al [ 7 ] also gave main-stream MH transfer rates of 3.80%. This is in an excellent agreement with our main-stream MH transfer rate of 3.7%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Liu and Hoffmann [ 4 ] also report a transfer rate of 7% and 10.3%; our highest rate is 3.7% for a cigarette spiked 71.5 μ g/mL MH. Chopra et al [ 7 ] have no explanation as to why Liu et al [ 4 ] had such high transfer rates. But we found that Liu et al [ 4 ] use water as extraction solvent in analyzing MH in tobacco; as we all know, water is not effective to extract bound MH in tobacco, so Liu got a low MH in tobacco and a high transfer rate of mainstream smoke.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Haeberer and Chortky [ 5 ] found a transfer rate of only 0.2%. A report by the US Department of Agriculture [ 6 ] indicated a transfer of 2-3% of MH to mainstream smoke (MSS), while Chopra et al [ 7 ] showed values between 2.5% and 2.8%. Additionally, Liu et al [ 8 ] indicated that MH is present in smoke even if the tobacco was not treated with MH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fate of Maleic Hydrazide on Tobacco during Smoking

Zhang

Tang

Liu

et al. 2012

The Scientific World Journal

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Tobacco mainstream smoke (MSS) and sidestream smoke (SSS), butts, and ashes from commercial cigarettes and maleic hydrazide (MH) spiked cigarettes were analyzed for their MH contents. The MH transfer rates obtained for MSS ranged from 1.4% to 3.7%, for SSS ranged from 0.2% to 0.9%, and for butts ranged from 1.1% to 1.9%. And as expected, MH is absent in ashes. The transfer rate of MH into mainstream smoke is the top one during in transfer rate into main-stream, side-stream, ashes, and butts, and higher MH levels lead to more MH in smoke. Further, analysis of total MH in butts and ashes along with that in MSS and SSS indicates that much MH is destructed during the smoking process.

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