Fate of glutaraldehyde in hospital wastewater and combined effects of glutaraldehyde and surfactants on aquatic organisms

Emmanuel, Évens; Hanna, Khalil; Bazin, Christine; Keck, Gérard; Clément, Bernard; Perrodin, Yves

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2004.08.011

Cited by 81 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that Daphnia are very sensitive to cationic surfactants (of which CTAB is one) (Cserhati et al, 2002;Mark and Solbe 1998;Sandbacka et al 2000). Regarding the detergents, this classification agrees with that of a previous study carried out in the same laboratory (Emmanuel et al 2005). …”

Section: Ecotoxicity Of Pure Substancessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Another reason for this choice was that this micro-crustacean is quite sensitive to pollutants in comparison to other freshwater invertebrates (Mark and Solbe 1998). Lastly, Daphnia seemed to be a good tool for our study since it is sensitive to detergents and disinfectant-detergent mixtures (Angerville 2005; Cserhati et al 2002;Emmanuel et al 2005;Sandbacka et al 2000).…”

Section: Choice Of the Organism For The Study And Laboratory Breedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Regarding the detergents, the EC50 values resulted from previous studies carried out at the same laboratory (Boillot 2006a;Emmanuel et al 2005). These tests were all carried out in triplicate and the results are given in Table 1.…”

Section: Ecotoxicity Of Pure Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the combined effects of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant and surfactants contained in hospital effluents on Daphnia magna

2007

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Hospital effluents cause environmental problems since they are 5-15 more toxic than urban effluents and they are not subjected to any pre-treatment before being discharged into urban sewage networks. The hypothesis used to explain this toxicity is the presence of disinfectants and detergents. This study is aimed at highlighting the ecotoxicity of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant to Daphnia magna, as well as the combined effects of this disinfectant in binary mixtures with three types of detergent. The detergents used here are: cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, cationic), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS, anionic) and Triton X-100 (TX, non-ionic). The toxicity of the mixtures is studied as a function of five predefined ratios. At the end of the study, we conclude that peracetic acid seems to be slightly toxic to Daphnia magna. Indeed, the efficient concentration inhibiting the mobility of 50% of the population of Daphnia at 24 h (EC50) is 116.6 mg/l. Globally, additive effects are observed for all the binary peracetic acid-detergent mixtures. However, for the peracetic acid-TX mixture, its effects have antagonistic tendencies whereas the peracetic acid-CTAB mixture has slight synergic tendencies. The mixture containing peracetic acid and SDS is slightly antagonistic for ratios containing more than 50% peracetic acid.

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Section: Ecotoxicity Of Pure Substancessupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Choice Of the Organism For The Study And Laboratory Breedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Study of the combined effects of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant and surfactants contained in hospital effluents on Daphnia magna

2007

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“…Although it has long been studied in both humans and animals (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26), the acute toxicity of GA remains a contentious issue. Nevertheless, GA presents a certain degree of hazard to various organisms.…”

Section: Toxicity To Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, GA presents a certain degree of hazard to various organisms. At the broadest level, GA may affect marine life when released into the environment via hospital wastewater (14,15). In the natural environment GA has been shown to be equally toxic to warm water and cold water fish, although slightly less toxic to saltwater fish than freshwater fish (16).…”

Section: Toxicity To Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutaraldehyde exposure and its occupational impact in the health care environment

Smith

Wang

2006

Environ Health Prev Med

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Despite the search for effective and less toxic substitutes, glutaraldehyde (GA) remains one of the few substances capable of high-level instrument disinfection in modern health care. Workers commonly affected include operating room nurses, radiographers, x-ray technicians and cleaners. Widespread hospital usage combined with its well-known irritant properties, has ensured an increase in occupationally-related illnesses during recent years. Operating room nurses, laboratory workers and x-ray technicians frequently contact GA in both the liquid and vapor form. Workplace exposure is usually dependent on job tasks, ventilation levels and the use of protective equipment. GA is a relatively potent irritant and sensitizer, with a well-documented history of symptoms following occupational exposure. Although mechanisms for GA toxicity have been postulated, research on the toxicological, teratogenic and carcinogenic potential of this chemical has shown inconsistent results. Reducing workplace exposure to its lowest possible level represents the most important hazard reduction strategy. This may be achieved by keeping GA containers tightly sealed when not in use, maintaining adequate ventilation levels and the rigid adherence to appropriate personal protective equipment. Substitution with automated cold sterilization machines may be another appropriate measure, while banning unnecessary practices such as GA fogging and its use as a surface disinfectant may also be helpful in reducing occupational exposure in the health care environment.

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Degradation of Triton X‐100 in Water Falling Film Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor

Aonyas

Nešić

Jović

et al. 2016

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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The aim of this study was to investigate the degradation of the non‐ionic surfactant Triton X‐100 (TX‐100) by using an advanced oxidation process in a non‐thermal plasma reactor based on water falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). The effects of two catalytic plasma systems, Fe2+/DBD and H2O2/DBD, were tested to improve the degradation of TX‐100 and the mineralization efficiency in the DBD reactor. Both catalytic systems exhibited significant improvements in degradation efficiency, especially in the beginning of the treatment: the efficiency increased from 23 to 88 and 50%, for 5 mg L−1 Fe2+/DBD and 10 mmol L−1 H2O2/DBD, respectively. The mineralization efficiency of TX‐100 in the non‐catalytic DBD treatment was very low (1%), but with addition of catalysts, the mineralization efficiency was drastically improved, with H2O2/DBD at 4–34% (depending on the H2O2 concentration) and Fe2+/DBD at 2–21% (depending on the Fe2+ concentration). Degradation products of TX‐100 in non‐catalytic and two catalytic systems were identified using UHPLC‐Orbitrap‐MS. Based on the degradation products that were identified, a simple mechanistic scheme was proposed. MS analysis revealed that degradation of TX‐100 in the DBD reactor occurred by shortening the ethoxy chain. In the presence of catalysts, there are additional reactions of cleavage of the alkyl chain followed by formation of polyethoxylated phenol (H2O2/DBD) and addition of OH• radicals onto the aromatic ring (Fe2+/DBD). The final degradation products did not cause any significant toxic effects to Vibrio fischeri or Artemia salina.

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Fate of glutaraldehyde in hospital wastewater and combined effects of glutaraldehyde and surfactants on aquatic organisms

Cited by 81 publications

References 37 publications

Study of the combined effects of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant and surfactants contained in hospital effluents on Daphnia magna

Study of the combined effects of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant and surfactants contained in hospital effluents on Daphnia magna

Glutaraldehyde exposure and its occupational impact in the health care environment

Degradation of Triton X‐100 in Water Falling Film Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor

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