Fate of Francisella noatunensis, a pathogen of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, in blue mussels Mytilus edulis

Wangen, Ingvild Helland; Karlsbakk, Egil; Einen, Ann Cathrine Bårdsgjære; Ottem, Karl Fredrik; Nylund, Are; Mortensen, Stein

doi:10.3354/dao02427

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Strain NCIMB14265 T survived longer in seawater, than PQ 1106 in freshwater. This difference in behaviour may not be related to their source of isolation or geographic origin, as there is evidence that the NCIMB14265 T strain showed a similar decline of culturability in sterile freshwater (Wangen, 2009). The rapid loss of culturability in nonsterile microcosms may suggest an inhibitory effect of the natural microbiota on the growth and survival of F .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monitoring the survival of fish-pathogenic Francisella in water microcosms

Duodu

Colquhoun

2010

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this report, the survival behaviour of fish pathogenic Francisella in water microcosms was investigated under laboratory conditions. Two isolates of Francisella noatunensis (NCIMB14265 T and PQ 1106), from fish held in seawater and freshwater, were inoculated into natural (nonsterile) and sterile sea-and freshwater microcosms, respectively, and monitored under different temperature conditions (4, 8 and 12 1C) over a period of 60 days. The culturability of the strains was inversely related to the water temperature. Strain NCIMB14265T was found to survive longer in seawater than PQ 1106 held in freshwater at equivalent temperatures. The survival of both strains was higher in sterile than in nonsterile microcosms. These results were confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis targeting the succinate dehydrogenase (sdhA) gene. A cell viability assay coupled with FISH analyses showed that F. noatunensis cells enter a viable but not culturable (VBNC) state after a period in water. However, although metabolically active, the VBNC cells were not pathogenic to cod (Gadhus morhua) following an intraperitoneal challenge, under the conditions tested. The data presented contribute to a better understanding of the behaviour of F. noatunensis in natural seawater and freshwater environments, and show the need for further investigation of the role of VBNC cells in the environmental transmission of this pathogen.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monitoring the survival of fish-pathogenic Francisella in water microcosms

Duodu

Colquhoun

2010

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…; Wangen et al . ). In investigating the potential of wild mussel populations acting as potential reservoirs for ISAV, Skår and Mortensen, investigated the ability of mussels to accumulate ISAV in tissues (Skår & Mortensen ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Shellfish play a critical role in an IMTA system by extracting particles and particulate‐bound organic nutrients, however, they may also influence pathogen dynamics. Bivalves are well‐known bio‐accumulators and may serve as a reservoir or as a sink for important finfish pathogens (Mortensen, Bachere, Gall & Mialhe ; Mortensen ; Paclibare, Evelyn, Albright & Prosperi‐Porta ; Skår & Mortensen ; Molloy, Peitrak, Bouchard & Bricknell ; Pietrak, Molloy, Bouchard, Singer & Bricknell ; Wangen, Karlsbakk, Einen, Ottem, Nylund & Mortensen ). Growers on the eastern coast of the United States are interested in integrating blue mussel, Mytilus edulis , cultivation with Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) cultivation but are particularly concerned about the potential for mussels to serve as reservoirs for pathogens such as infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), the aetiological agent of infectious salmon anaemia (ISA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) with the blue mussel,Mytilus edulis

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) is an alternative approach to mono-culture aquaculture that reduces environmental impacts of commercial aquaculture systems by combining the cultivation of fed species with extractive species. Shellfish play a critical role in IMTA systems by filter-feeding particulate-bound organic nutrients. They may also increase or decrease disease risk on farms by serving as reservoirs or barriers for important finfish pathogens such as infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV). This study aimed to optimize culture and molecular assays in shellfish tissues and to determine the fate of ISAV in mussels, Mytilus edulis. To determine detection limits, qRT-PCR and culture assays in both CHSE-and ASK cells were optimized in ISAV-inoculated mussel tissue homogenates. Both qRT-PCR and culture assays performed in ASK cells had comparable detection limits of 10 2.8 TCID 50 mL À1 . The ISAV RNA genome was consistently detected in digestive gland tissue of ISAVexposed mussels. Viable ISAV was not detected in mussel tissues by culture analysis in CHSE-and ASK cells. The fact that qRT-PCR analysis resulted in positive cycle threshold (CT) values that corresponded to the detectable range of ISAV in ASK culture assays suggests that little to no viable ISAV particles are present in the mussel tissues.

show abstract

“…A Leica DMBE microscope, equipped with a QImaging MicroPublisher 5 RTV camera, and QCapture software for Mac were used to capture image of the tissue sections. Tissue samples from two individuals with granulomas in kidney and one with vacuoles in brain were tested with IHC, using specific antibodies against Francisellosis [ 28 ] and Nodavirus [ 29 ], respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility and Pathology in Juvenile Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua to a Marine Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus Isolated from Diseased Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Sandlund

Johansen

Fiksdal

et al. 2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first known outbreak caused by a viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) strain of genotype III in rainbow trout occurred in 2007 at a marine farm in Storfjorden, Norway. The source of the virus is unknown, and cod and other marine fish around the farms are suspected as a possible reservoir. The main objective of this study was to test the susceptibility of juvenile Atlantic cod to the VHSV isolate from Storfjorden. As the pathology of VHS in cod is sparsely described, an additional aim of the study was to give a histopathological description of the disease. Two separate challenge experiments were carried out, using both intra peritoneal (ip) injection and cohabitation as challenge methods. Mortality in the ip injection experiment leveled at approximately 50% three weeks post challenge. Both immunohistochemical and rRT-PCR analysis of organs sampled from diseased and surviving fish confirmed VHSV infection. No VHSV was detected in the cohabitants. The results indicate that Atlantic cod has a low natural susceptibility to this VHSV genotype III strain. One of the most extensive pathological changes was degeneration of cardiac myocytes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the lesions were related to VHSV. In some fish, the hematopoietic tissue of spleen and kidney showed degeneration and immunostaining, classical signs of VHS, as described in rainbow trout. Positive immunostaining of the capillaries of the gills, suggests this organ as a useful alternative when screening for VHSV.

show abstract

Fate of Francisella noatunensis, a pathogen of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, in blue mussels Mytilus edulis

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Monitoring the survival of fish-pathogenic Francisella in water microcosms

Monitoring the survival of fish-pathogenic Francisella in water microcosms

The interaction of infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) with the blue mussel,Mytilus edulis

Susceptibility and Pathology in Juvenile Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua to a Marine Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus Isolated from Diseased Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About