Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 1. Northeast Pacific pelagic red clay

Schmidt, R.L.

doi:10.2172/5178952

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The amount of Mn in the reductant-soluble fraction increased following OTPA treatment indicating that some of the Mn which was removed by DTPA from the inorganic or weakly complexed and organic forms appeared to oxidize to Mn02' Acidic reducing conditions were then required to extract this material. Table 5 also shows the comparative distribution among chemical forms of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu present in the sediment from Sequim Bay used in the current study and in the Northeast Pacific pelagic red clay used in a previous study (Schmidt, 1982). These data show strong parallels as well as contrasts.…”

Section: Sediment Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 53%

“…With respect to the North Pacific pelagic red clay used in the previous experiments (Schmidt, 1982), Sequim Bay clayey silt contains about 4 times more organic C, similar quantities of Ti, Cr, and Fe, markedly less Mn «5%), and less Co, Ni and Cu (",25% each). The differences in Mn and trace metal contents may be related to several causes: 1) dilution by terrestrial materials in the coastal sediment, 2) differences in" particle size, 3) deep-sea sediment undergoes longer exposure to seawater and adsorption of so 1 ub 1 e meta 1 s may occur duri ng and fo 11 owi ng depos i t ion, 4) hydrothermal sources in the deep-sea, or 5) diffusion of dissolved metal from reduced buried sediments.…”

Section: Sediment Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In sediments from both Sequim Bay and the Northeast Pacific, the amounts of indigenous Fe apparently associated with humic substances are both about 2 mg/g (4-5% of total Fe) ( Table 4, this paper; Table 7, Schmidt, 1982). Indigenous Co and Ni present in the humate fraction of the sediments may have resul ted from thei r di rect adsorption to Fe-humate complexes or to hydrous oxides that are scavenged by, or carried with, coagulated organic material (Jenne, 1977).…”

Section: Influence Of Sediment Chemical Properties On Corrosion Produmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A previous report (Schmidt, 1982) discussed the corrosion products released to aerated coasta 1 seawater and aerated and non-oxygenated North Pacifi c pel agi c red clay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 2. Sequim Bay clayey silt

Schmidt¹

1982

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• SUMMARYThe physicochemical speciation of corrosion products released when stainless steel is subjected to selected environmental conditions is the subject of a series of laboratory experiments at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory.This report describes laboratory experiments in which neutron-act ivated 347 stai n1 ess steel specimens were exposed to c1 ayey silt from Sequim Bay, Washington. The properties and trace metal geochemistry of the sediment and the amounts of corrosion products that were released under oxic and reduced conditions and their distribution among different chemical fractions of the sediment are discussed. Neutron-activated 347 stainless steel specimens were exposed to slurries of Sequim Bay clayey silt under aerated and non-oxygenated conditions for a period of 90 days.The redox potentials for the air-sparged and N 2 , CO 2 -sparged sediment slurries were +420 and -140 mv, respectively. In aerated sediment the estimated corrosion rate was 6.3 micrograms per year per'square centimeter of stainless steel surface area; greater than four times that amount, 28.3 micrograms per year per square centimeter, were released under anoxic conditions. Relatively labile substances constituted about half of the 60CO activity released in aerated sediment. Adsorbed 60CO soluble in DTPA and 60CO associated with sediment organic matter were the most predominant. A substantial amount (49%) of the 60CO activity was released as, or converted to, relatively inert substances requiring rigorous treatment to dissolve.The distribution of 6 0 CO released to anoxic Sequim Bay clayey silt among various extracts show that relatively labile substances constituted about 95% of the 60CO released. The largest quantity was in the organic fraction. In the absence of O 2 the association of 60 Co with the refractory (oxidic) fraction was inhibited and only ~5% of the 60CO activity was in relatively inert forms .

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Section: Sediment Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Sediment Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Influence Of Sediment Chemical Properties On Corrosion Produmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A previous report (Schmidt, 1982) discussed the corrosion products released to aerated coasta 1 seawater and aerated and non-oxygenated North Pacifi c pel agi c red clay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 2. Sequim Bay clayey silt

Schmidt¹

1982

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“…The previous reports discussed the amounts of corrosion products released and their physicochemical forms under oxic and anoxic conditions in North Pacific pelagic red clay (Schmidt, 1982a), organic-rich Sequim Bay clayey silt (Schmidt, 1982b) and calcareous ooze (Schmidt, 1982c). Major differences with respect to the release of corrosion products were observed among the di fferent types of sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 4: Hatteras abyssal red clay

Schmidt¹

1982

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SUMMARYThis report describes a study in which neutron-activated 347 stainless steel was exposed to surficial sediment from a site in the Hatteras Abyssal Plain of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. This sediment consists of -20% CaC0 3 , a comparatively large amount of carbonate which could lead to the formation of calcareous scale on the metal surface and reduce the corrosion rate. The distribution of indigenous metals among different chemical fractions shows that -50-60% of extractable Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and In were associated with amorphous Mn and Fe oxides. Most of the remaining extractable Cr (-40%), and about a third of the extractable Cu appear to have been weakly complexed. Major fractions (25-36%) of extractable Mn, Co and Ni were present as adsorbed cations. Organic complexation appears to account for a large amount (25-40%) of extractable Fe, Ni, Cu and In.Neutron-activated 347 stainless steel specimens were exposed to sediment slurry under aerobic and non-oxygenated conditions for a period of 94 days. The redox potential measurements for air-sparged and N 2 , CO 2 -sparged sediment slurries were +410 and +60 mv, respectively, at the end of the experimental period. The presence of O 2 produced increased amounts of corrosion products: 3.2 ~g year-1 cm-2 were released into aerated sediment and 1.0 ~g year-1 cm-2 were released when O 2 was absent.Using chemical extraction to define partitioning of corrosion products showed that relatively labile substances constituted about 84% of the 60CO activity released in aerated sediment. Materi al s extracted by DTPA, 1 i kely adsorbed cations, are most promi nent, accounting for 57% of the labile material. Smaller fractions «15%) of the released corrosion products as measured by 60CO activity were found in organically complexed or oxidic materials.Relatively labile substances constitute about 82% of the total 60Co activity released under non-oxygenated conditions. Of this material almost 25% is present in soluble or easily dissolved forms.In non-oxygenated compared with aerated sediment, a larger fraction of material was soluble or easily dissolved and less was removed by treatment with DTPA (27% vs 48%). Thus, a large fraction of 60Co which was in the soluble or easily dissolved forms under non-oxygenated conditi ons appears to have been more strongly adsorbed to the sediment under aerated conditions. The fractions of corrosion products associated with sediment organic and oxidic materials is about the same (12 to 14%) under either redox condition .

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Corrosion failure of marine steel in sea‐mud containing sulfate reducing bacteria

Huang

2004

Materials & Corrosion

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The corrosion failure behavior of marine steel is affected by stress, which exists in offshore structures at sea-mud region. The sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in the sea-mud made the steel more sensitive to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and weaken the corrosion fatigue endurance. In this paper, a kind of natural sea-mud containing SRB was collected. Both SCC tests by slow strain rate technique and corrosion fatigue tests were performed on a kind of selected steel in sea-mud with and without SRB at corrosion and cathodic potentials. After this, the electrochemical response of static and cyclic stress of the specimen with and without cracks in sea-mud was analyzed in order to explain the failure mechanism. Hydrogen permeation tests were also performed in the sea-mud at corrosion and cathodic potentials. It is concluded that the effect of SRB on environment sensitive fracture maybe explained as the consequences of the acceleration of SRB on corrosion rate and hydrogen entry into the metal.

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Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 1. Northeast Pacific pelagic red clay

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 2. Sequim Bay clayey silt

Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 2. Sequim Bay clayey silt

Fate of corrosion products released from stainless steel in marine sediments and seawater. Part 4: Hatteras abyssal red clay

Corrosion failure of marine steel in sea‐mud containing sulfate reducing bacteria

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