Fate of 15N fertilizer applied to maize in rotation with tropical forage grasses

Rocha, Kassiano Felipe; Mariano, Eduardo; Grassmann, Camila S.; Trivelin, P. C. O.; Rosolem, Ciro Antônio

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2019.04.018

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Many reports confirmed that while most of the fertilizer N remained in the soil after the first season, only a small amount of residue N was absorbed by the second crop 26,41,42 . In our report, only total of 6.5-8.7% of the initial applied N was utilized by maize as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Manure application increased crop yields by promoting nitrogen use efficiency in the soils of 40-year soybean-maize rotation

Wei

Luo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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It is great of importance to better understand the effects of the long-term fertilization on crop yields, soil properties and nitrogen (N) use efficiency in a rotation cropping cultivation system under the conditions of frequent soil disturbance. Therefore, a long-term field experiment of 40 years under soybean-maize rotation was performed in a brown soil to investigate the effects of inorganic and organic fertilizers on crop yields, soil properties and nitrogen use efficiency. Equal amounts of 15N-labelled urea with 20.8% of atom were used and uniformly applied into the micro-plots of the treatments with N, NPK, M1NPK, M2NPK before soybean sowing, respectively. Analyses showed that a total of 18.3–32.5% of applied N fertilizer was taken up by crops in the first soybean growing season, and that the application of manure combining with chemical fertilizer M2NPK demonstrated the highest rate of 15N recovery and increased soil organic matter (SOM) and Olsen phosphorus (Olsen P), thereby sustaining a higher crop yield and alleviating soil acidification. Data also showed that no significant difference was observed in the 15N recovery from residue N in the second maize season plant despite of showing a lower 15N recovery compared with the first soybean season. The recovery rates of 15N in soils were ranged from 38.2 to 49.7% by the end of the second cropping season, and the residuals of 15N distribution in soil layers revealed significant differences. The M2NPK treatment demonstrated the highest residual amounts of 15N, and a total of 50% residual 15N were distributed in a soil layer of 0–20 cm. Our results showed that long-term application of organic fertilizers could effectively promote N use efficiency by increasing SOM and improving soil fertility, and thus leading to an increase in crop yields. This study will provide a scientific reference and guidance for improving soil sustainable productivity by manure application.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Crop yield, soil properties and N recovery. Increased N uptake and crop yield is generated by fertilizer application [26][27][28] . Differences in grain yield and N uptake between the five treatments indicate significantly different effects on soil fertility and crop yield after long-term different fertilization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manure application increased crop yields by promoting nitrogen use efficiency in the soils of 40-year soybean-maize rotation

Wei

Luo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Most available literature on the fate of N fertilization examined arable systems [29][30][31] and focused on the use of mineral fertilizers or urea rather than cattle slurry [30,[32][33][34][35]. Furthermore, most of the available literature only reported short term N-use-efficiency rather than tracing the fate of fertilizer N during a complete growing season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Intensity Controls Nitrogen-Use-Efficiency and Flows in Grasslands—A 15N Tracing Experiment

et al. 2020

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The consequences of land use intensification and climate warming on productivity, fates of fertilizer nitrogen (N) and the overall soil N balance of montane grasslands remain poorly understood. Here, we report findings of a 15N slurry-tracing experiment on large grassland plant–soil lysimeters exposed to different management intensities (extensive vs. intensive) and climates (control; translocation: +2 °C, reduced precipitation). Surface-applied cattle slurry was enriched with both 15NH4+ and 15N-urea in order to trace its fate in the plant–soil system. Recovery of 15N tracer in plants was low (7–17%), while it was considerably higher in the soil N pool (32–42%), indicating N stabilization in soil organic nitrogen (SON). Total 15N recovery was only 49% ± 7% indicating substantial fertilizer N losses to the environment. With harvest N exports exceeding N fertilization rates, the N balance was negative for all climate and management treatments. Intensive management had an increased deficit relative to extensive management. In contrast, simulated climate change had no significant effects on the grassland N balance. These results suggest a risk of soil N mining in montane grasslands under land use intensification based on broadcast liquid slurry application.

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“…Most of the available literature on tracing of 15 N labeled fertilizer report on crop systems (Jensen et al 2000;Muñoz et al 2004;Paul and Beauchamp 1995;Rocha et al 2019;Zhou et al 2016) or the use of mineral N rather than organic fertilizer such as cattle slurry (Bardgett et al 2003;Christian et al 1997;Harrison et al 2007Harrison et al , 2008Hart et al 1993;Rowlings et al 2016;Scheiner et al 2002;Xu et al 2011), thereby leaving a knowledge gap with regard to managed grasslands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive slurry management and climate change promote nitrogen mining from organic matter-rich montane grassland soils

et al. 2020

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Aims Consequences of climate change and land use intensification on the nitrogen (N) cycle of organic-matter rich grassland soils in the alpine region remain poorly understood. We aimed to identify fates of fertilizer N and to determine the overall N balance of an organic-matter rich grassland in the European alpine region as influenced by intensified management and warming. Methods We combined 15N cattle slurry labelling with a space for time climate change experiment, which was based on translocation of intact plant-soil mesocosms down an elevational gradient to induce warming of +1 °C and + 3 °C. Mesocosms were subject to either extensive or intensive management. The fate of slurry-N was traced in the plant-soil system. Results Grassland productivity was very high (8.2 t - 19.4 t dm ha−1 yr−1), recovery of slurry 15N in mowed plant biomass was, however, low (9.6–14.7%), illustrating low fertilizer N use efficiency and high supply of plant available N via mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM). Higher 15N recovery rates (20.2–31.8%) were found in the soil N pool, dominated by recovery in unextractable N. Total 15N recovery was approximately half of the applied tracer, indicating substantial loss to the environment. Overall, high N export by harvest (107–360 kg N ha−1 yr−1) markedly exceeded N inputs, leading to a negative grassland N balance. Conclusions Here provided results suggests a risk of soil N mining in montane grasslands, which increases both under climate change and land use intensification.

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Fate of 15N fertilizer applied to maize in rotation with tropical forage grasses

Cited by 32 publications

References 44 publications

Manure application increased crop yields by promoting nitrogen use efficiency in the soils of 40-year soybean-maize rotation

Manure application increased crop yields by promoting nitrogen use efficiency in the soils of 40-year soybean-maize rotation

Management Intensity Controls Nitrogen-Use-Efficiency and Flows in Grasslands—A 15N Tracing Experiment

Intensive slurry management and climate change promote nitrogen mining from organic matter-rich montane grassland soils

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