Fate and transport of nitrapyrin in agroecosystems: Occurrence in agricultural soils, subsurface drains, and receiving streams in the Midwestern US

Woodward, Emily E.; Kolpin, Dana W.; Zheng, Wei; Holm, Nancy; Meppelink, Shannon M.; Terrio, Paul J.; Hladik, Michelle L.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.387

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The USEPA relies on models to estimate environmental nitrapyrin concentrations; these models suggest that nitrapyrin applications will result in total nitrapyrin concentrations (nitrapyrin+DCMP+6-CPA) of 5–163 μg L –1 in surface water and 5–159 μg L –1 in pore water, with spray drift contributing up to 62% of these values in scenarios that include aerial applications . In recent years, environmental sample data have become available. , Measured concentrations in field studies (Iowa and Illinois) align with the lower end of USEPA model assessments, although field studies did not measure DCMP. Nitrapyrin and 6-CPA were detected in agricultural streams ranging from nondetectable to 1.2 μg L –1 nitrapyrin and nondetectable to 0.013 μg L –1 6-CPA with higher concentrations associated with rainfall events following spring fertilizer applications. , Nitrapyrin was found to persist in streams up to 5 weeks after application.…”

Section: Environmental Fate Of Nitrapyrinmentioning

confidence: 90%

Widespread Use of the Nitrification Inhibitor Nitrapyrin: Assessing Benefits and Costs to Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environmental Health

Woodward

Edwards

Givens

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Agricultural production and associated applications of nitrogen (N) fertilizers have increased dramatically in the last century, and current projections to 2050 show that demands will continue to increase as the human population grows. Applied in both organic and inorganic fertilizer forms, N is an essential nutrient in crop productivity. Increased fertilizer applications, however, create the potential for more N loss before plant uptake. One strategy for minimizing N loss is the use of enhanced efficiency fertilizers, fortified with a nitrification inhibitor, such as nitrapyrin. In soils and water, nitrapyrin inhibits the activity of ammonia monooxygenase, a microbial enzyme that catalyzes the first step of nitrification from ammonium to nitrite. Potential benefits of using nitrification inhibitors range from reduced nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions to increased crop yield. The extent of these benefits, however, depends on environmental conditions and management practices. Thus, such benefits are not always realized. Additionally, nitrapyrin has been shown to transport off-field, and it is unknown what effects environmental nitrapyrin could have on nontarget organisms and the ecological nitrogen cycle. Here, we review the agronomic and environmental benefits and costs of nitrapyrin use and present a series of research questions and considerations to be addressed with future nitrification inhibitor research.

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Section: Environmental Fate Of Nitrapyrinmentioning

confidence: 90%

Widespread Use of the Nitrification Inhibitor Nitrapyrin: Assessing Benefits and Costs to Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environmental Health

Woodward

Edwards

Givens

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…NIs such as nitrapyrin (CP), 3,4-dimethylepyrazole phosphate (DMPP), and dicyandiamide (DCD) are the most widely used in agricultural soils [5]. CP significantly increased retention of NH 4 + and a lower accumulation of NO 3 − [6], but CP is easily photolytic and volatile [7]. DMPP is effective at low application rates, has a low solubility in water (low leaching of DMPP), reduces the risk of nitrate leaching, and is not photolytic [8], but its price is too expensive.…”

Section: Nitrate Nitrogen (Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nitrification Inhibitors on Soil Nitrification and Ammonia Volatilization in Three Soils with Different pH

Cui

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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The application of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) is considered to be an efficient way to delay nitrification, but the effect of NIs combinations on soil nitrification and ammonia (NH3) volatilization are not clear in soils with different pH values. In this study, we explored the effect of nitrapyrin (CP) and its combinations with 3, 4-dimethylepyrazole phosphate (DMPP), dicyandiamide (DCD) on the transformation of nitrogen, potential nitrification rate (PNR), and ammonia (NH3) volatilization in a 120-day incubation experiment with three different pH values of black soil. Treatments included no fertilizer (Control), ammonium sulfate (AS), AS+CP (CP), AS+CP+DMPP (CP+DMPP), and AS+CP+DCD (CP+DCD). The application of NIs significantly decreased NO3−-N contents and potential nitrification rate (p < 0.05), while significantly increased NH4+-N contents (p < 0.05), especially CP+DCD and CP+DMPP were the most effective in the neutral and alkaline soils, respectively. In the acid soil, CP significantly increased total NH3 volatilization by 31%, while CP+DCD significantly reduced by 28% compared with AS. However, no significant difference was found in NH3 volatilization with and without NIs treatments (p > 0.05) in the neutral and alkaline soils. In conclusion, the combined nitrification inhibitors had the better efficiency in all three tested soils. CP+DCD and CP+DMPP are the most effective in inhibiting soil nitrification in the clay soils with higher pH value and lower organic matter, while CP+DCD had the potential in mitigating environment pollution by reducing N loss of NH3 volatilization in the loam soil with lower pH value and higher organic matter. It provided a theoretical basis for the application of high efficiency fertilizer in different soils. Further studies under field conditions are required to assess the effects of these nitrification inhibitors.

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“…assigned L2. The nitrification inhibitor, nitrapyrine (2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine), L1, were identified in Arctic samples for the very first time (DOW, 2012;ECHA, 2019e;Woodward et al, 2019). Furthermore, two trichlorodimethoxybenzenes, two dichloro-methylanisols, and one dibromo-dimethoxybenzene were also assigned L2.…”

Section: Potential Ceacs With Lratpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air, Part II: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

Röhler¹,

Schlabach²,

Haglund³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Norwegian Arctic possess a unique environment for the detection of new potential chemicals of emerging Arctic concern (CEACs) due to remoteness, sparsely populated and the low number of local contamination sources. Hence, a contaminant present in Arctic air is still considered a priority indication for its environmental stability and environmental mobility. Today, legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and related conventional environmental pollutants are already well-studied since their identification as Arctic pollutants in the 1980s. Many of them are implemented and reported in various national and international monitoring activities including the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP). These standard monitoring schemes, however, are based on compound specific quantitative analytical methods. Under such conditions, the possibility for identification of hitherto unidentified contaminants is limited and randomly, at the best. Today, new and advanced technological developments allow a broader, unspecific analytical approach as either targeted multi-component analysis or suspect and non-target screening strategies. In order to facilitate such a wide range of compounds, a wide-scope sample clean-up method for high-volume air samples, based on a combination of adsorbents was applied, followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography separation and low-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (GC&#215;GC-LRMS). During the here reported study, simultaneous non-target and suspect screening were applied. The detection of over 700 compounds of interest in the particle phase and over 1200 compounds in the gaseous phase is reported. Of those, 62 compounds were confirmed with reference standards and 90 compounds with a probable structure (based upon mass spectrometric interpretation and library spectrum comparison). These included compounds already detected in Arctic matrices and compounds not detected previously (see also Figure 1). In addition, 241 compounds were assigned tentative structure or compound class. Hitherto unknown halogenated compounds, which are not listed in the used mass spectral libraries, were also detected and partly identified.</p>

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Fate and transport of nitrapyrin in agroecosystems: Occurrence in agricultural soils, subsurface drains, and receiving streams in the Midwestern US

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Widespread Use of the Nitrification Inhibitor Nitrapyrin: Assessing Benefits and Costs to Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environmental Health

Widespread Use of the Nitrification Inhibitor Nitrapyrin: Assessing Benefits and Costs to Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environmental Health

Effects of Nitrification Inhibitors on Soil Nitrification and Ammonia Volatilization in Three Soils with Different pH

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air, Part II: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

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