Fate and Impacts of Priority Pollutant Metals in Coal Fly Ash–Soil–Switchgrass Plant Mesocosms

Awoyemi, Olushola M.; Dzantor, E. Kudjo

doi:10.4177/ccgp-d-17-00004.1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are carcinogenic metals and are among the U.S. EPA’s priority pollutants that have a cosmopolitan distribution in the environment resulting from both natural and anthropogenic sources. , These trace metals are potentially toxic, and their distribution in aquatic ecosystems can impact health and survival of aquatic organisms. , Due to coexposures (mixtures), trophic transfer tendencies, fate, and the distribution of the metals in the environment, toxic responses in exposed organisms may vary with their position in the food chain. , Furthermore, in an aquatic environment, phosphorus availability may influence the uptake of Cd , and/or As , in freshwater algae. Therefore, we hypothesized that P-mediated modulation of Cd and As uptake in freshwater algae would have interactive effects on the toxicities of these metals acting alone or as a mixture in both algae and Daphnia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are carcinogenic metals and are among the U.S. EPA's priority pollutants 15 that have a cosmopolitan distribution in the environment resulting from both natural and anthropogenic sources. 14,16 These trace metals are potentially toxic, and their distribution in aquatic ecosystems can impact health and survival of aquatic organisms.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic-Level Interactive Effects of Phosphorus Availability on the Toxicities of Cadmium, Arsenic, and Their Binary Mixture in Media-Exposed Scenedesmus acutus and Media and Dietary-Exposed Daphnia pulex

Awoyemi

Subbiah

Thompson

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Various anthropogenic activities simultaneously alter essential mineral nutrients and contaminant content in the environment. Depending on essential nutrient conditions, the uptake and effects of contaminants in exposed organisms may be altered. The addressing of ecological risk assessment (ERA) of contaminant mixtures has proven difficult. Furthermore, most assessments involving single contaminant exposures do not consider the interaction of essential nutrients on toxicological end points. Hypotheses for toxicological effects of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and their binary mixture (Cd/Asmix) include alteration under varying dietary and media phosphorus (P) conditions. However, interactive effects and effect size (η2) are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the toxicities of Cd-, As-, and Cd/Asmix-treated media and diets on Scenedesmus acutus (a primary producer) and Daphnia pulex (a primary consumer), under varied media and dietary P conditions [low (LP), median (MP), and optimum (COMBO)]. Our results showed significant (p < 0.05) interactive effects and concentration dependent growth inhibition of S. acutus. The toxicity (at day 7) of Cd against S. acutus was 2×, 11×, and 4× that of As in LP, MP, and COMBO conditions, respectively, while the joint toxicity effects of Cd/Asmix were partially additive in LP and COMBO, and synergistic in MP media. Furthermore, acute lethal toxicity (96 h) of Cd in D. pulex was ∼60× that of As, while Cd/Asmix joint toxicity was synergistic. Chronic toxicity (14 d) in D. pulex showed significant (p < 0.05) interaction of As and P-availability on survival, reproduction, and behavior (distance moved, velocity, acceleration and mobility), while Cd and P availability showed significant interactive effect on rotational behavior. Dose response effects of Cd, As, and Cd/Asmix in S. acutus and D. pulex were either monophasic or biphasic under varying nutrient conditions. This study provides empirical evidence of the interactive effects of media/dietary P and toxic metals (Cd, As, and Cd/Asmix) at environmentally relevant concentrations, emphasizing the need for consideration of such interactions during ERA.

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