Fatalities related to lightning occurrence and agriculture in Bangladesh

Holle, Ronald L.; Dewan, Ashraf; Said, R.; Brooks, W. Abdullah; Hossain, Md. Faruk; Rafiuddin, M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101264

Cited by 42 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Lightning is also one of the important sources of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere, and thus the occurrence of lightning has a significant influence on global atmospheric chemistry (Schumann and Huntrieser, ; Murray, ; Tost, ). In addition, the cloud to ground (CG) lightning can cause forest fires, hit people and human facilities, causing properties damage, and casualties (Flannigan and Wotton, ; Krause et al, ; Raga et al, ; Abdollahi et al, ; Holle et al, ). Therefore, research on the response of lightning to various meteorological factors and climate change remains an important research topic (Reeve and Toumi, ; Xiong et al, ; Romps et al, ; Kotroni and Lagouvardos, ; Dewan et al, ; Finney et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of aerosols on lightning activities in central eastern parts of China

Shi

Wang

Tan

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Science Letters

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Time series data of lightning flash rates, aerosol optical depth (AOD), surface relative humidity, potential temperature, and convective available potential energy (CAPE) for 14 consecutive summers (2001-2014) over central eastern parts of China (32.5 -40 N, 100 -120 E) have been analyzed to investigate the impact of aerosol on the lightning flash rate. The Pearson correlation and the partial correlation are used to study the linear correlations between the lightning flash rate and AOD, potential temperature, surface relative humidity, and CAPE. The results show that the lightning flash rate is positively correlated (r = .64) with AOD under relatively clean conditions (AOD < 1.0), which may result from aerosol microphysical effect. In the situation of high aerosol concentration (AOD > 1.0), the correlation between AOD and lightning flash rate is not obvious (r = −.06), which may be due to the radiation effect of aerosol and the decrease of the number of large ice particles caused by excessive aerosol concentration. CAPE and surface relative humidity are both positively correlated with the lightning flash rates under relatively clean (AOD < 1.0) and relatively polluted (AOD > 1.0) conditions. Potential temperature is moderate positively correlated with the lightning flash rate under relatively clean conditions (r = .51, AOD < 1.0) but shows no significant linear relationship under relatively polluted conditions (r = .07, AOD > 1.0). K E Y W O R D Saerosol, cloud microphysics, correlation coefficient, lightning activity

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of aerosols on lightning activities in central eastern parts of China

Shi

Wang

Tan

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Science Letters

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“…(2017) and Holle et al . (2019) also reported that maximum lightning fatalities occur in the monsoon season.…”

Section: Monthly/seasonal Variations Of Flash Ratementioning

confidence: 93%

“…Significantly, while the monthly-average flash rate is the highest in the monsoon season over the NW region, it is the highest in the pre-monsoon season over the NE region. Relating lightning fatalities with the occurrence of lightning in different seasons and the agricultural practices being followed in Bangaladesh, Dewan et al (2017) and Holle et al (2019) also reported that maximum lightning fatalities occur in the monsoon season. Over the TP region, the average flash rate shows a single peak in June-July as in the NW region, but lags by 2 months than the peak in the HF and NE regions located south of the Himalayas.…”

Section: Arabian Sea (As)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Regional variability in lightning activity over South Asia

Kamra

Kumar

2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The regional variability of lightning activity over 10 different regions, selected with at least one major meteorological/topographical feature, of South Asia (8 N-36 N, 90 E-100 E) have been examined on all time scales from the data obtained from July 1995 to December 2013 from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite. A comparative study of the correlation coefficients calculated between lightning flash rate and convective parameters, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and topography for different regions is carried out. Impact of the progress of the Asian Monsoon on the spatio-temporal variability of flash rate is also examined. Monthly-averaged variations are annual at the regions >2,700 m in altitude and are semi-annual at the regions <2,700 m in altitude. The annually averaged flash rates increase during the study period in most of the regions. However, such long-term changes are nonlinearly related to the change in convective parameters and AOD and such interrelationships differ from one meteorological region to another. Small changes in AOD in high altitude regions are associated with very large changes in the surface temperature and flash rate. The flash rate is strongly correlated with surface temperature in the dry region of the northwest but with CAPE in moist region of the northeast. Progress of the Asian monsoon strongly impacts the flash rate in different regions. Ratio of the amplitudes of primary to secondary maxima at land stations increases with latitude in case of the monthly-averaged variations in flash rate. The primary maxima in these variations are highly correlated with the atmospheric surface temperature. However, the secondary maxima are associated with the low-level convergence during the withdrawal phase of the monsoon. Incursion of moisture by the Bay of Bengal branch of monsoon current determines the sequence of occurrence of lightning activity in different regions along the Himalayan foothills and northwest .

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“…However, the magnitudes of % trends as well as the correlation coefficients are much lesser compared to lightning frequency which implies that average radiance may not be a suitable parameter to investigate the future variations in lightning. It is known that, TRMM observes both cloud-cloud and cloud-ground types of lightning strikes together and out of the total, only the strongest 10% of the total strikes are intense enough to reach the ground in the tropics (Uman, 1986) and cause immense damage to life and property (Holle et al, 2019). Now, since it is more important to understand the trends of these extreme cases only, hence the regional trends of 90 th percentile of lightning radiances is examined (Fig.…”

Section: Long-term Trends In Lightning Frequency and Intensity Over The Indian Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning occurrences and intensity over the Indian region: Long-term trends and future projections

Chakraborty¹,

Chakraborty²,

Basha³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Lightning activities constitute the major destructive component of thunderstorms over India. Hence, understanding the long-term variabilities of lightning occurrence and intensity and their inter-relation with various causative factors is required. Long-term (1998–2014) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite-based lightning observations depict the most abundant lightning occurrences along the Himalayan foothills, the Indo-Gangetic plains and coastal regions, while the intensity of these lightning strikes are found to be strongest along the coastal regions and Bay of Bengal. In addition, both the lightning properties show a very strong intensification (~1–2.5 % annually) across all Indian regions during 1998–2014 with the maximum trends along the coasts. Accordingly, a detailed statistical dominance analysis is performed which reveals total column water vapor (TCWV) to be the dominant factor behind the intensification in lightning events, while instability, measured by the convective available potential energy (CAPE), and aerosols optical depth (AOD) jointly control the lightning frequency trends. An increase in surface temperatures has led to enhanced instability hence stronger moisture transport to the upper troposphere lower stratosphere regions especially in the along the coasts. This transported moisture helps deplete the ozone concentration leading to reduced temperatures and elevated equilibrium levels which finally results in stronger and more abundant lightning events as also evidenced from the trend analysis. Consequently, the relationship between lightning and its causative factors have been expressed in form of multi-linear regression equations which are then employed on multiple global circulation models (GCM) to understand the long-term impact of urbanization on lightning over a period of 1950–2100. The analysis reveals a uniform increase in lightning occurrences, and intensity from both urbanization scenarios; however, an accelerated growth is observed in the RCP8.5 projections after the year 2050 as also observed from the surface warming trends. As a result, lightning frequency and intensity values across the Indian region are expected to increase alarmingly by ~10–25 % and 15–50 %, respectively, by the end of this century with highest risks along the coasts and hence it requires immediate attention from policy makers.

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Fatalities related to lightning occurrence and agriculture in Bangladesh

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of aerosols on lightning activities in central eastern parts of China

Influence of aerosols on lightning activities in central eastern parts of China

Regional variability in lightning activity over South Asia

Lightning occurrences and intensity over the Indian region: Long-term trends and future projections

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