Fatal varicella infection in a girl with systemic lupus erythematosus after oral acyclovir prophylaxis

Hirose, Izumi; Ymamaguchi, Hideaki; Inaguma, Daijyo; Ono, Kenzo; Shimada, Satoko; Kawada, Jun; Shiraki, Kimíyasu; Kimura, Hiroshi

doi:10.1007/s00431-005-0066-z

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Most of the cases described previously were immunocompromised for one or several reasons such as splenectomy, renal transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, use of corticosteroids and AIDS. 14,15 Patients with disseminated varicella appear to remain moderately ill for some days and then go on to develop full-scale liver failure with coagulation disturbances and shock. The mechanisms involved in this fulminant visceral dissemination in the patients described remains unclear but are most likely related more to the impaired immune function than to the virulence of the VZV strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal varicella in an immunocompromised adult associated with a European genotype E2 variant of varicella zoster virus

Springfeld

Sauerbrei

Filusch

et al. 2009

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal varicella in an immunocompromised adult associated with a European genotype E2 variant of varicella zoster virus

Springfeld

Sauerbrei

Filusch

et al. 2009

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…If seronegative (or if unable to determine serostatus) and exposure has occurred within the past 7 days, passive immunisation with VZV immune globulin (VZIG) can be given to prevent or attenuate disease. Prophylaxis with aciclovir has been used, but may only delay the onset of symptoms and select for resistant strains5; fatal varicella has occurred in the presence of postexposure prophylactic aciclovir 6. Irrespective of having received postexposure prophylaxis with VZIG or not, the patient should be monitored closely for the development of any relevant symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case for varicella vaccination in the immunosuppressed

Holmes

Atabani²,

Khan³

et al. 2009

Case Reports

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A middle-aged man with long-standing Crohn disease maintained in remission on low-dose immunosuppression presented with abdominal pain. Over the following few days he developed a vesicular rash, became dyspnoeic, confused and had two seizures. Despite high-dose intravenous aciclovir, he died. Disseminated varicella zoster virus, the cause of his death, could potentially have been prevented had he received varicella vaccination at an earlier stage.

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“…Sammen med faktorer som tilgjengelighet, pris og det faktum at VZIG er et blodprodukt, gjør dette at man (16)(17)(18). En randomisert kontrollert studie (n = 12), observasjonsstudier og kasuistikker beskriver posteksponeringsprofylakse med aciklovir hos immunkompromitterte, nyfødte og premature (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Vi har ikke funnet studier som har undersøkt effekten av antiviral profylakse hos voksne.…”

Section: Antiviral Profylakseunclassified

“…De studier og kasuistikker vi har funnet, har profylaksevarighet på 5-10 dager (tab 1). Det er ikke kjent om en lengre profylakse er nødvendig hos immunsupprimerte, men det kan ikke utelukkes (22). Et senter i USA beskriver bruk av valaciklovir eller aciklovir på post-eksponeringsdag 3-22 (3-28 hvis VZIG også er gitt) hos beinmargstransplanterte pasienter, men har ikke angitt hvor mange de har behandlet med dette regimet eller om det er effektivt (30).…”

Section: Rammeunclassified