Fatal Staphylococcus Aureus Endocarditis Misdiagnosed as Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Peña-Moreno, Ana; Torres-Soblechero, Laura; López-Blázquez, María; Laiseca, Laura Butragueño

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000003417

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…We found a recent case report of a previously healthy 10‐year‐old with fatal S. aureus infective endocarditis, which was clinically compatible with MIS‐C 7 . The use of intravenous immunoglobulin, glucocorticoids and biologic agents for the treatment of MIS‐C is currently not standardised and they are recommended based on clinical presentation 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children or invasive bacterial infection?

Ünal

Demirdağ

İncedere

et al. 2022

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children or invasive bacterial infection?

Ünal

Demirdağ

İncedere

et al. 2022

J Paediatrics Child Health

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“…Although the SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and serology results were ultimately negative, MIS-C was initially suspected as the cause of the patient’s symptoms. Subsequent, echocardiography showed that the mitral valve had an echogenic lesion, and blood culture results turned positive for Staphilococcus aureus sensitive to methicillin ( Peña-Moreno et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Endocarditis In Children With Covid-19 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric endocarditis - a stone left after the pandemic cascade

Lupu,

Nedelcu,

Budescu

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Infective endocarditis is a rare disease in children. The etiology is mainly bacterial. However, viral infective endocarditis, possibly related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has also been reported. The pathophysiological principle of the connection between the two entities seems to be attributed to the transient immune deficiency of the body during the infection. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 is reported in the literature as a direct cardiopathic virus. Therefore, the new coronavirus seems to have the ability to affect both the intact cardiac tissue and the previously damaged one both during the acute episode and at a distance from it. Consequently, we propose to review the main pathophysiological aspects of pediatric cardiac damage caused by SARS-CoV-2. The ultimate goal is to deepen existing knowledge, broaden the horizon of understanding and analysis regarding the systemic damage induced by viral infections, and strengthen an information base from which to start a meta-analysis. Next, we performed a non-systematized screening of the specialized literature with reference to cases of endocarditis in the pediatric population, reported in the period 2020–2023. From the total of articles found, we chose to include in the review a number of 6 case reports, including a number of 7 patients (5 children and 2 adolescents). Analysis of reports suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection could play a role in the development of endocarditis, either directly through active infection or indirectly through a post-infectious immune response. Also, pre-existing conditions and complex medical history predispose to an increased risk of developing a severe, complicated form of endocarditis. Also, the lack of data on the vaccination history and the failure to categorize the infection depending on the type of antibodies (IgM or IgG) in some studies represent a major bias in the reports. The latter make it difficult to evaluate the influence of vaccination and the impact of acute versus chronic infection on the course of cases.

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Differentiating Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and Its Mimics–A Single-Center Experience From a Tropical Setting

et al. 2023

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Objective Identifying clinical and laboratory indicators that differentiate multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) apart from other febrile diseases in a tropical hospital setting. Methods Review of hospital records done in a tertiary care exclusive children’s hospital for children admitted from April, 2020 till June, 2021. Laboratory values, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) serological status, and clinical signs and symptoms of patients with MIS-C, and those with similar presentations were analyzed. Results 114 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria (age group of 1 mo-18 y) for whom a diagnosis of MIS-C was considered in the emergency room based on the clinical features. Among them, 64 children had the final diagnosis of MIS-C, and the remaining 50 children had confirmatory evidence of infections mimicking MIS-C such as enteric fever, scrub typhus, dengue and appendicitis. Conclusion Older age group, presence of mucocutaneous symptoms, very high C-reactive protein, neutrophilic leukocytosis, abdominal pain and absence of hepatosplenomegaly favor a diagnosis of MIS-C.

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Fatal Staphylococcus Aureus Endocarditis Misdiagnosed as Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children or invasive bacterial infection?

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children or invasive bacterial infection?

Pediatric endocarditis - a stone left after the pandemic cascade

Differentiating Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and Its Mimics–A Single-Center Experience From a Tropical Setting

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