Fatal Respiratory Infections Associated with Rhinovirus Outbreak, Vietnam

Hải, Lê Thanh; Bich, Vu Thi; Ngai, Le Kien; Diep, Nguyen Thi Ngọc; Phuc, Phan Huu; Hung, Viet Pham; Taylor, Walter; Horby, Peter; Liêm, Nguyễn Thanh; Wertheim, Heiman

doi:10.3201/eid1811.120607

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the study by Bicer et al []; 36% of HRV‐infected children had moderate to severe illness, while in RSV‐infected children the proportion was 33%. In Vietnam, HRV was associated with an outbreak of severe respiratory infection in 12 children that were hospitalized and developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, 7 of whom died [Hai et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of rhinovirus in children hospitalized for acute respiratory disease, Santa Fe, Argentina

Rudi¹,

Molina²,

Díaz³

et al. 2015

J. Med. Virol.

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Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) were historically considered upper airway pathogens. However, they have recently been proven to cause infections in the lower respiratory tract, resulting in hospitalization of children with pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and chronic pulmonary obstruction. In this report, HRV frequency and seasonality are described together with patient clinical-epidemiological aspects. From a total of 452 surveyed samples, the HRV nucleic acids was detected in 172 (38.1%) and found in every month of the study year. 60% of inpatients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) associated with HRV were under 6 months of age and 31% had a clinical history, being preterm birth and recurrent wheezing the prevailing conditions. The most frequent discharge diagnoses were pneumonia (35.2%), bronchiolitis (32.4%), and bronchitis (12.4%). Fifteen point nine percent of patients required admission into intensive care units. The results obtained in this study demonstrated the association between HRV and children hospitalizations caused by ARI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of rhinovirus in children hospitalized for acute respiratory disease, Santa Fe, Argentina

Rudi¹,

Molina²,

Díaz³

et al. 2015

J. Med. Virol.

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“…Viruses are the main causative agents of respiratory infection, but bacteria, fungi, and parasites can cause them as well. e leading ARI-causing viruses are rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) [4], with RSV affecting mainly infants under 1 year of age [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pathogenic Characteristics of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Treated at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital

Pham

Nguyen

Tran

et al. 2020

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Lower respiratory tract infections are commonly caused by viruses and cause significant morbidity and mortality among children. Early identification of the pathological agent causing these infections is essential to avoid unnecessary antibiotic use and improve patient management. Multiplex PCR techniques were recently developed to detect multiple viral pathogens using a single PCR reaction. In this study, we identify viral pathogens in children with respiratory infections. We collected 194 nasopharyngeal aspirates from infants (2-24 months old) with lower respiratory tract infections treated at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital between November 2014 and June 2015 and assessed the presence of 16 virus types and subtypes by multiplex PCR using the xTAG Respiratory Viral Panel (RVP) assay. Overall, 73.7% of the samples were positive for at least one virus, and 24.2% corresponded to infections with multiple viruses. e most common viruses were respiratory syncytial virus and enterovirus/ rhinovirus. ese viruses were more frequent among younger patients (2-5 months old) and caused symptoms similar to those of bronchiolitis and pneumonia. e most common clinical manifestation caused by respiratory tract infection was bronchiolitis. Elevated neutrophils levels were associated with adenovirus infection. Our results showed that the xTAG Respiratory Viral Panel (RVP) can effectively detect multiple viruses causing respiratory infections in children and that the nasopharyngeal aspirates are a good sample choice to detect respiratory viruses in children. Applying this approach in the clinical setting would improve patient management and allow early diagnosis, thus avoiding the unnecessary use of antibiotics.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Rhinovirusrelated pneumonia may be asymptomatic, but this virus may worsen respiratory infection or cause outbreaks. [5][6][7][8] Rhinovirus infection causes severe consequences for hospitalized children, similar to infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus or influenza viruses. 9 During a severe outbreak of acute respiratory infections in Vietnam caused by Rhinovirus, the mortality rate of hospitalized children was 58.3%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 During a severe outbreak of acute respiratory infections in Vietnam caused by Rhinovirus, the mortality rate of hospitalized children was 58.3%. 8 Rhinovirus also causes a significant burden on resources, costs, and health in children with acute respiratory failure. [10][11][12] The rate of bacterial coinfection in pediatric pneumonia caused by Rhinovirus is over 40%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Different Biomarkers to Identify Bacterial Coinfection in Vietnamese Children with Severe Rhinovirus Pneumonia

Pham¹,

Nguyen

Tam

2020

Journal of Child Science

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This study aims to assess the diagnostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and interleukin (IL)-6 in the diagnosis of pneumonia caused by Rhinovirus alone or with bacterial coinfection in Vietnamese children under 5 years of age. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 26 children under 5 years of age with severe pneumonia due to Rhinovirus at the National Pediatric Hospital. IL-6, hs-CRP, and PCT tests were performed. The diagnostic values of PCT, IL-6, and hs-CRP in classifying those with viral alone and those with bacterial coinfection were determined. Of 26 children, 10 children were diagnosed to have bacterial coinfections (38.5%). The optimal cutoff point for PCT was > 2.30 ng/mL (sensitivity 50%, specificity 94%, positive predictive value 83%, and negative predictive value 75%). The optimal cutoff point for hs-CRP was > 1.53 mg/dl (sensitivity 90%, specificity 56%, positive predictive value 56%, and negative predictive value 90%). Finally, the optimal cut-off point for IL-6 was > 441.5 pg/mL (sensitivity 20%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, and negative predictive value 60%). The accuracy rate of PCT was the highest with 69.2%, followed by hs-CRP with 65.4%. Inflammatory biomarkers such as PCT and hs-CRP were able to distinguish children with severe pneumonia caused by Rhinovirus alone and those with bacterial coinfection.

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Fatal Respiratory Infections Associated with Rhinovirus Outbreak, Vietnam

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

The role of rhinovirus in children hospitalized for acute respiratory disease, Santa Fe, Argentina

The role of rhinovirus in children hospitalized for acute respiratory disease, Santa Fe, Argentina

Clinical and Pathogenic Characteristics of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Treated at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital

Diagnostic Value of Different Biomarkers to Identify Bacterial Coinfection in Vietnamese Children with Severe Rhinovirus Pneumonia

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