Fatal myositis, rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination

A severe case of rhabdomyolysis after Moderna mRNA anti‐COVID‐19 vaccine with a literature review

“…Huang ST et al proposed an abnormal immune response to previously circulating auto‐antigens or muscle antigens released by myonecrosis. The antigenic similarity between SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein and human protein (molecular mimicry) was also mentioned 5 . Fatal thrombotic microangiopathy with rhabdomyolysis in a Japanese patient after mRNA‐1273 vaccine (Moderna) suggested vaccine‐induced complement activation 3 .…”

“…He died from multiple complications of thrombotic microangiopathy 14 days after receiving his first dose of mRNA Moderna vaccine 3 . Finally, 2 fatal cases with the ChAd‐Ox 1 Adenovirus‐based vaccine were reported by Cirillo et al 4 and Huang et al 5 …”

“…Kamura microangiopathy 14 days after receiving his first dose of mRNA Moderna vaccine. 3 Finally, 2 fatal cases with the ChAd-Ox 1 Adenovirus-based vaccine were reported by Cirillo et al 4 and Huang et al 5 In rhabdomyolysis cases, cardiac involvement must be considered, as many myocarditis and pericarditis have been reported. In the study of Bots et al-a populationbased descriptive cohort and a nested self-controlled risk interval study using 5 European databases that included over 35 million individuals-the authors concluded the myocarditis rates were elevated in individuals less than 30 years old after both doses of the Pfizer vaccine and the second dose of the Moderna vaccine.…”

Kidney injury associated with COVID-19 infection and vaccine: A narrative review

“…A few cases of rhabdomyolysis have been reported, most of which are associated with mRNA vaccines ( 47 – 49 ). However, other vaccines, such as ChAdOx1nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson) have also been associated with this complication ( 50 , 51 ). The clinical presentation can vary from mild manifestations without renal dysfunction ( 48 ) to severe manifestations with AKI, RRT, compartment syndrome, and death ( 49 , 52 , 53 ).…”

“…The clinical presentation can vary from mild manifestations without renal dysfunction ( 48 ) to severe manifestations with AKI, RRT, compartment syndrome, and death ( 49 , 52 , 53 ). The time between vaccination and symptom onset can vary from 1 to 14 days ( 50 , 51 , 53 , 54 ).…”