Fatal <i>Aeromonas sobria </i>Infection in Liver Cirrhosis

Aeromonas Infections in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in Japan

“…The clinical characteristics and prognoses of 25 reported cases of Aeromonas infections in patients with LC in Japan reported from 1992 to 2016 are summarized in Table 1. Among the 25 cases, three were reported in English [4,13,14] and the remaining 22 in Japanese [9,11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The age at diagnosis of Aeromonas infection ranged between 40 and 78 years, and 19 patients were male and five were female with one case unknown.…”

“…The age at diagnosis of Aeromonas infection ranged between 40 and 78 years, and 19 patients were male and five were female with one case unknown. The etiology of LC was as follows: hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in six cases [13,21,22,25,29], hepatitis B virus infection in six [9,11,16,26,27,30], alcohol-related in nine [4,14,15,17,20,21,23,28,31] HCV infection plus alcoholrelated in one [22], and unknown in three [18,19,24]. The Child-Pugh classification of underlying liver dysfunction was as follows; Child C in nine, Child B in one, and unknown in 15 cases.…”

“…A. hydrophila was isolated in 19 (76%) cases [9,11,[13][14][15][16]18,[20][21][22][24][25][26][27][29][30][31] and A. sobria in 6 (24%) [4,17,19,21,23,28]; no cases involving A. caviae was found. Consumption of Japanese cuisine, such as sashimi and sushi, were the cause of infection in 9 (36%) cases [11,17,[21][22][23][27][28][29]31] and complications of DM in 7 cases (28%) [9,[17][18][19]22,24,28]. Cases of bacteremia (and septicemia) or skin and soft tissue infections caused by Aeromonas species in patients with LC have been relatively well reported.…”

“…One case of pneumonia caused by A. hydrophila infection of the lung tissues was found [13]. Meanwhile, septic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation were confirmed in 18 [4,9,11,[13][14][15][16][18][19][20][23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31] and 11 cases [9,[15][16][17][18]23,24,26,[28][29][30], respectively.…”

“…The 1-month mortality rate was 68% (17/25), whereas the overall survival rate was 32% (8/25). In particular, among 16 cases with skin and soft tissue infections [4,11,[16][17][18][19]21,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]31], 13 (81.3%) died within one month, which included 12 (75%) within the first 4 days after admission [4,11,[16][17][18][19]21,23,25,26,28], regardless of the administration of antimicrobial agents and/or lower limb amputation, indicating extremely poor short-term prognoses. The Child-Pugh classification was Child C in four cases and unknown in 11 cases among 15 death cases within the first 4 days after admission and Child C in four cases, Child B in one case, and unknown in three cases among 8 survival cases.…”