Fatal Fungicide-Associated Triazole-Resistant <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> Infection, Pennsylvania, USA

Bradley, Kennedy; Le-Mahajan, Audrey; Morris, Beth; Peritz, Tiina; Chiller, Tom; Forsberg, Kaitlin; Nunnally, Natalie S.; Lockhart, Shawn R.; Gold, Jeremy A W; Gould, Jane M.

doi:10.3201/eid2809.220517

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is well known that triazoles are widely used in the development of agrochemicals and medicines based on their highly efficient and broad‐spectrum biological activities [8] . But the drug resistance in the triazole structures has been significantly increased because of the frequent use of triazole drugs [9] . As a result, triazolium salts that bear similar chemical structures to triazoles have attracted considerable attention in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] But the drug resistance in the triazole structures has been significantly increased because of the frequent use of triazole drugs. [9] As a result, triazolium salts that bear similar chemical structures to triazoles have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Some of the triazolium compounds, such as Biapenem [4] and Cresemba, [10] have been approved by U. S. the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as marketed human drugs (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactivities of Triazolium‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Salts

Song

Zou

Jin

et al. 2023

Chemistry A European J

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1,2,4-Triazolium salts are precursors of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), which have been extensively used as effective catalysts and ligands for both asymmetric and nonenantioselective reactions. Nevertheless, they are also a kind of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) that possess amphipathic properties. The unique chemical and physical properties of 1,2,4-triazolium salts have received significant attention from scientists focusing on the development of novel bioactive molecules as pesticides and medicines. It is timely and meaningful to summarize the bioactivities of 1,2,4triazolium salt derivatives against various bacteria, fungi, cancer cells, and other pathogens in the past 30 years. Meanwhile, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of 1,2,4triazolium salts was also summarized. Finally, our perspective on the future development and applications of triazolium salts as agrichemicals or human drugs is presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivities of Triazolium‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Salts

Song

Zou

Jin

et al. 2023

Chemistry A European J

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“…Antifungal-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus infections may be resulting from the overuse of agricultural fungicides [ 79 , 80 , 81 ]. Evaluating the impacts of agricultural, medicinal, and other environmental uses of antifungal compounds can provide insight into factors influencing this emergence and inform public health action.…”

Section: Disease-specific Priorities ( Table 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Research Priorities for Fungal Diseases: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Save Lives

Smith

Gold

Benedict

et al. 2023

JoF

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Fungal infections can cause severe disease and death and impose a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems. Public health research requires a multidisciplinary approach and is essential to help save lives and prevent disability from fungal diseases. In this manuscript, we outline the main public health research priorities for fungal diseases, including the measurement of the fungal disease burden and distribution and the need for improved diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Characterizing the public health, economic, health system, and individual burden caused by fungal diseases can provide critical insights to promote better prevention and treatment. The development and validation of fungal diagnostic tests that are rapid, accurate, and cost-effective can improve testing practices. Understanding best practices for antifungal prophylaxis can optimize prevention in at-risk populations, while research on antifungal resistance can improve patient outcomes. Investment in vaccines may eliminate certain fungal diseases or lower incidence and mortality. Public health research priorities and approaches may vary by fungal pathogen.

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“…In the USA, triazole-resistant A. fumigatus has been infrequently reported. However, low case numbers likely reflect a lack of adequate antifungal susceptibility testing capacity and disease surveillance rather than a true absence of disease [ 30 , 31 ]. Although data are limited, triazole-resistant A. fumigatus has been isolated from animals, including birds and a bottlenose dolphin [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Environmental Origins: the Case Of Triazole-resistant ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Fungal Infections: from the Fields to the Clinic, Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus and Dermatophyte Species: a One Health Perspective on an Urgent Public Health Problem

Langfeldt

Gold

Chiller

2022

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Purpose of Review For this review, we use a One Health approach to examine two globally emerging public health threats related to antifungal drug resistance: triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus infections, which can cause a life-threatening illness in immunocompromised hosts, and antifungal-resistant dermatophytosis, which is an aggressive skin infection caused by dermatophyte molds. We describe the state of current scientific knowledge and outline necessary public health actions to address each issue. Recent Findings Recent evidence has identified the agricultural use of triazole fungicides as an important driver of triazole-resistant A. fumigatus infections. Antifungal-resistant dermatophyte infections are likely driven by the inappropriate use of antifungal drugs and antibacterial and corticosteroid creams. Summary This review highlights the need for a One Health approach to address emerging antifungal resistant infections, emphasizing judicious antifungal use to preserve available treatments; strengthened laboratory capacity to identify antifungal resistance; and improved human, animal, and environmental surveillance to detect emerging resistance, monitor trends, and evaluate the effectiveness of efforts to decrease spread.

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Fatal Fungicide-Associated Triazole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus Infection, Pennsylvania, USA

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Bioactivities of Triazolium‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Salts

Bioactivities of Triazolium‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Salts

Public Health Research Priorities for Fungal Diseases: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Save Lives

Emerging Fungal Infections: from the Fields to the Clinic, Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus and Dermatophyte Species: a One Health Perspective on an Urgent Public Health Problem

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