Fatal ethyl and methyl alcohol-related poisoning in Ankara: A retrospective analysis of 10,720 cases between 2001 and 2011

Çeli̇k, Sefa; Karapirli, Mustafa; Kandemir, Eyüp; Uçar, Fatma; Kantarci, Muhammed Nabi; Gürler, Mukaddes; Akyol, Ömer

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2012.05.009

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The median BAC in the 32-year study period was 3.2 g/kg and the yearly median BAC showed a slight decrease over the study period. The median BAC in our study was the same as the median of a series (N= 656) of accidental mono-intoxication deaths caused by alcohol in Sweden (Jones et al 2011) and close to the mean of 39 acute alcohol poisoning deaths in Turkey (322.8 ± 155.5 mg/dL) (Celik et al 2013). Some other studies found higher medians of 3.6 g/kg (Jones and Holmgren 2003) and 3.55mg/100 mL (Heatley and Crane 1990) but in these studies the cases involving other psychoactive substances were removed whereas in our study they are included.…”

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fsupporting

confidence: 80%

Significant decrease in the rate of fatal alcohol poisonings in Finland validated by blood alcohol concentration statistics

Kriikku

Ojanperä

2020

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fsupporting

confidence: 80%

Significant decrease in the rate of fatal alcohol poisonings in Finland validated by blood alcohol concentration statistics

Kriikku

Ojanperä

2020

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…This is the half-maximal concentration for AICAC in our rat model (Liu et al, 2004). This EtOH level does not exceed 0.3% BAL, a superior limit that is rarely reached during alcohol intoxication in humans (Lange and Voas, 2000) and results in life-threatening alcohol poisoning (Celik et al, 2013). Single dose of ethanol was only tested on EtOH-naïve animals to avoid development of desensitization, which has been reported in our model and results from repeated ethanol exposures (Bukiya et al, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Cholesterol Protects Against Alcohol‐Induced Cerebral Artery Constriction

Bukiya

Dopico

Leffler

et al. 2014

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Binge drinking represents the major form of excessive alcohol (EtOH) consumption in the US. Episodic (such as binge) drinking results in blood alcohol levels (BAL) of 18–80 mM, and leads to alcohol-induced cerebral artery constriction (AICAC). AICAC was shown to arise from EtOH-induced inhibition of large-conductance, calcium/voltage-gated potassium (BK) channels in the vascular smooth muscle. Factors that modulate BK channel-mediated AICAC remain largely unknown. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on high-cholesterol (2% of cholesterol) diet for 18–23 weeks. Their littermates were placed on control iso-caloric diet. AICAC was evaluated both in vivo and in vitro, by means of pial arteriole diameter monitoring through a closed cranial window and diameter measurements of isolated, pressurized cerebral arteries. Cholesterol level in the cerebral artery tissue was manipulated by methyl-β-cyclodextrin to reverse dietary-induced accumulation of cholesterol. BK channel surface presence on the plasma membrane of cerebral artery myocytes was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. BK channel function in pressurized cerebral artery was assessed using selective BK channel blocker paxilline. Results Within 5 minutes of 50 mM EtOH injection into carotid artery in vivo, arteriole diameter decreased by 20% in control group. Pial arteriole constriction was significantly reduced in rats on high-cholesterol diet, resulting in only 10% reduction of diameter. BAL in both groups, however, remained the same. Significant reduction of AICAC in group on high-cholesterol diet compared to control was also observed after middle cerebral artery dissection and in vitro pressurization at 60 mmHg, this reduction remaining after endothelium removal. Cholesterol level in de-endothelialized cerebral arteries was significantly increased in rats on high-cholesterol diet. Removal of excessive cholesterol content restored AICAC to the level, observed in cerebral arteries of rats on normal diet. Immunofluorescence staining of BK channel- forming and accessory, smooth muscle-specific β1 subunit in freshly isolated cerebral artery myocyte showed that high-cholesterol diet did not down-regulate surface presence of BK protein. However, paxilline-induced cerebral artery constriction was diminished in arteries from rats on high-cholesterol diet. Conclusions Our data indicate that dietary cholesterol protects against AICAC. This protection is caused by cholesterol buildup in the arterial tissue and diminished function (but not surface presence) of EtOH target – BK channel.

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“…Although ethanol poisoning is the major cause of death in Eastern European countries [46] , ethanol poisoning contributed to only six deaths in the present study. Suicide with ethanol and other drugs were reported in previous studies [47][48][49][50][51][52] . However all alcohol poisoning related deaths in the present study were related to accidental poisoning as a result of binge drinking, which is of course related to the availability of cheap alcohol drinks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Analysis of Intoxication Deaths: Causes and Manners of Death

Akhgari¹,

Kahfi²,

Akha³

2019

pharmaceutical-sciences

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Drug poisoning related deaths are considered as deaths in which at least one drug or poison is detected in postmortem samples and attributed to death. Drug could be a causative agent and poisoning with that drug a contributory factor leading to death [1]. Type of drug used, health status, licit and illicit drug availability and geographic position are factors affecting the pattern of poisoning. Therefore, epidemiologic studies can help to define intoxication deaths and its pattern [2]. Various approaches and studies are available for estimating intoxication deaths. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) estimated that 264 million people (one out of twenty) aged 15-64 y had used one illicit drug in 2013. In this report it was indicated that 187/100 deaths were related to drug use [3]. According to the investigation of European Drug Markets Report in 2016, some countries that use protocols and practices of substitution treatment, face drug related deaths too [4]. Social Affairs Bureau damage of Ministry of Cooperative, Labour and Social Affairs of Iran reported changes in the pattern of drug abuse. There was a 28 % increase in the seizure of clandestine methamphetamine laboratories from 2005 to 2013 [5]. United Nations reported that Iran ranked fifth behind Mexico, United States, China and Thailand in methamphetamine seizure between 2010-2012 [6,7]. Drug related deaths were investigated by American and European researchers [8,9]. Iranian Legal Medicine Organization documented that 551, 627, 599 and 747 cases of drug poisoning related deaths were investigated during 2010-2013 [10]. There are informal reports that drug related deaths have surged in some provinces in Iran. Assessment and documenting drug related deaths is of crucial importance in every province in Iran. To accomplish this goal all assumed death poisoning cases in Qom province, Iran are subjected to forensic autopsy and forensic toxicology investigation to establish the

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Fatal ethyl and methyl alcohol-related poisoning in Ankara: A retrospective analysis of 10,720 cases between 2001 and 2011

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Significant decrease in the rate of fatal alcohol poisonings in Finland validated by blood alcohol concentration statistics

Significant decrease in the rate of fatal alcohol poisonings in Finland validated by blood alcohol concentration statistics

Dietary Cholesterol Protects Against Alcohol‐Induced Cerebral Artery Constriction

Analysis of Intoxication Deaths: Causes and Manners of Death

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