Fat tissue and adrenal function: mechanisms of mutual influence

Мазурина, Н В; Ершова, Е. В.; Troshina, Ekaterina A.; Senyushkina, E. S.; Tyulpakov, A. N.; Ioutsi, Vitaliy

doi:10.21518/2079-701x-2019-4-70-77

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 71 publications

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“…В целом ряде работ, выполненных в основном на грызунах, в жировой ткани представлено сосуществование [18]. Таким образом объясняются механизмы взаимного влияния жировой ткани, гипоталамо-гипофизарной системы и надпочечников, включая регуляцию метаболизма адипоцитов гормонами коры надпочечников, с одной стороны, и влияние адипоцитов и адипоцитокинов на секрецию, метаболизм и действие стероидных гормонов в клетках-мишенях -с другой [15].…”

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Morphological features of the innervation of the rat adrenal gland adipose tissue

Chumasov,

Petrova,

Korzhevskii

2024

Morphology

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BACKGROUND: The relevance of studying adipose tissue is due to the lack of knowledge about the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity and the lack of research into the endocrine function of adipose tissue. Questions about the structure, functions, and innervation characteristics of white and brown adipose tissue of the adrenal gland are the least studied. AIM: The purpose of this study was to study the structure and innervation of rat adrenal adipose tissue using neuroimmunohistochemical markers. METHODS: Using immunohistochemical reactions for PGP 9.5 protein, tyrosine hydroxylase and synaptophysin, performed on paraffin sections, the innervation of the adipose tissue of the rat adrenal gland was studied (n=10). RESULTS: Unmyelinated nerve fibers, as well as catecholaminergic and cholinergic nerve terminal apparatuses, were identified in the white and brown adipose tissue of the rat adrenal gland. It has been shown that parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers penetrate adipose tissue through arterial vessels. There, Remakov's varicose axons intensively branch and form terminal synaptic networks of the en passant type, which are involved in the innervation of adipocytes in white and brown adipose tissue. Most sympathetic and parasympathetic synaptic structures are localized in brown and mixed adipose tissue. Sympathetic fibers are in close connection with the wall of arterial vessels and contact brown adipocytes. In white adipose tissue, varicose axons are found mainly around arterial vessels and are rarely found between differentiated ring-shaped adipocytes. CONCLUSION: The noted differences in the sympathetic innervation of white and brown adipose tissue are due to the fact that, unlike white adipocytes, brown adipose tissue cells perform a secretory function. By producing adipokines, they influence the production of corticosteroids by the adrenal gland. The findings suggest that this process is under the control of the sympathetic nervous system

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Morphological features of the innervation of the rat adrenal gland adipose tissue

Chumasov,

Petrova,

Korzhevskii

2024

Morphology

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Features of steroidogenesis in men with hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes

Роживанов

Чернова

Ioutsi

et al. 2022

Probl Endokrinol (Mosk)

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BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in men is associated with a high incidence of hypogonadism. Testosterone is a steroid hormone and one of the final metabolites of steroidogenesis, which causes interest in assessing the content of key steroid hormones, their precursors and metabolites in hypogonadal and eugonadal men with T2DM.AIMS: Assessment of the features of steroidogenesis in men with hypogonadism in T2DM using tandem mass spectrometry.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A full-design, cross-sectional, screening, single-center, non-interventional study included men with T2DM, who were he was treated in Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow. The study was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022. Medical history assessment, physical examination with determination of body mass index (BMI), measurement of key steroid hormones, their precursors and metabolites by isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were performed. The groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test for quantitative indicators and χ² with Yates’ correction for qualitative ones. Correlation analysis was performed by the Spearman correlation method. When determining the criterion of statistical significance, the Bonferroni correction was applied.RESULTS: Patients with hypogonadism had statistically significantly more pronounced obesity compared with eugonadal men. In a comparative analysis of patients, depending on the presence of hypogonadism, there were statistically significantly lower levels of androgen precursors 17-hydroxypregnenolone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in hypogonadal men. At the same time, a positive statistically significant correlation was found between total testosterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. In addition, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, although to a lesser extent, but positively correlated with other androgens - androstenedione (r=0,328; p<0,001) and dehydroepiandrosterone (r=0,183; p=0,004). >< 0,001) and dehydroepiandrosterone (r=0,183; p=0,004).CONCLUSIONS: In this investigation the prevalence of male hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes, determined by high-precision tandem mass spectrometry, was 69,5%. There was no effect of the disease on the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid links of adrenal steroidogenesis. Hypogonadism was associated with decreased levels of a number of testosterone precursors. The most significant of them was 17-hydroxyprogesterone, which can be considered as a marker of testicular steroidogenesis.

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The Impact of Stress on Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Obesity (Systematic Review)

Ткаченко

Bagro

2020

FMEP

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Obesity is reaching the scale of a pandemic and is growing progressively every year. Taking into account the introduction of quarantine in many countries of the world associated with COVID-19, alarge number of patients are in a state of constant stress, hypodynamics, hypoxemia, which contributes to the prevalence of this nosology. Under such conditions, there is a need for a detailed analysis of the impact of stress and other factors on the pathogenetic links in the development of obesity, determines the relevance of our study and the need to find more effective preventive measures in the practice of family medicine.The objective: is to analyse the pathogenetic mechanisms of obesity under the influence of stress and other factors using systematic analysis of literature data.Materials and methods. A systematic review of literature sources in the field of obesity and its pathogenetic aspects was conducted by keywords: pathogenesis of obesity, overveight, stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, orexin, serotonin for the period 2015–2020. The search was carried out mainly in PubMed and Cochrane databases. The bibliosemantic method and the method of systematic analysis were used.Results. According to the results of searches in the PubMed and Cochrane databases, 58131 sources were found by keywords, from which 29 most relevant research goals were selected, including: 16 systematic reviews, 2 meta-analyzes, 3 multicenter data and 8 cohort studies. It is established that despite the diversity of pathogenetic aspects of obesity, adipose tissue is an endocrine-active organ that changes the functional state of many organs and systems, leads to metabolic and hormonal changes, led primarily by disbalance of the hypothalamic region, which is responsible for somatoform and hormonal disorders, and for the body’s protective reactions on exposition of many orexogenic factors.Conclusion. A crucial point in the practice of a family doctor, which will help to effectively prevent the development of obesity and its noninfectious and infectious complications, is to study all possible risk factors, their complex interaction at all levels of pathogenetic changes. Taking into account the influence of stress factors on the hypothalamic region, which is one of the key links in the pathogenesis of metabolic and somatoform changes, will help to find more effective approaches to the correction of overweight.

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Fat tissue and adrenal function: mechanisms of mutual influence

Cited by 4 publications

References 71 publications

Morphological features of the innervation of the rat adrenal gland adipose tissue

Morphological features of the innervation of the rat adrenal gland adipose tissue

Features of steroidogenesis in men with hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes

The Impact of Stress on Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Obesity (Systematic Review)

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