Fat Oxidation before and after a High Fat Load in the Obese Insulin-Resistant State

Blaak, Ellen E.; Hul, Gabby B.; Verdich, Camilla; Štich, Vladimír; Martı́nez, Alfredo; Petersen, Morten Krogh; Feskens, Edith J. M.; Patel, Kishor; Oppert, Jean Michel; Barbe, P; Toubro, Søren; Anderson, Ingalena; Polàk, Jan; Astrup, Arne; Macdonald, I. A.; Langin, Dominique; Holst, Claus; Sørensen, Thorkild I. A.; Saris, Wim H. M.

doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1598

Cited by 67 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The most important determinant of postprandial plasma NEFA oxidation was BMI in our investigations. These results are consistent with the vast majority of studies showing increased net whole body fatty acid oxidation with increasing adiposity [92][93][94].…”

Section: Abnormal Lean Tissue Fatty Acid Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 91%

Therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides for the management of dyslipidemia

Carpentier¹,

Labbé

Grenier

et al. 2011

Clinical Lipidology

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Section: Abnormal Lean Tissue Fatty Acid Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 91%

Therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides for the management of dyslipidemia

Carpentier¹,

Labbé

Grenier

et al. 2011

Clinical Lipidology

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“…Our reported metabolic differences in response to a high-fat challenge between MetS and healthy subjects are in line with what is known from the literature (5,7,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Our finding that MetS subjects showed a differential response of the inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-18, 11,12-DiHETrE, and 19,20-DiHoPE to a high-fat challenge as compared to healthy subjects ( Fig.…”

Section: Healthy Subjects Vs Mets Subjectssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Acute high-fat tolerance tests (with or without additional glucose and protein) have also been applied to evaluate postprandial responses of multiple processes, but not in a standardized manner. High-fat challenge tests are used to study lipid metabolism and metabolic flexibility, but also induce low-grade postprandial inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (4)(5)(6)(7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diminished flexibility in subjects with impaired metabolic health is reported in the literature. For example, there are indications that obese subjects may have a diminished capacity to use fat as fuel and adapt more slowly to a high dietary fat intake, compared with lean subjects (5). Recent data indicate that metabolic inflexibility may precede the development of overt peripheral insulin resistance in prediabetic individuals (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying phenotypic flexibility as the response to a high‐fat challenge test in different states of metabolic health

et al. 2015

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Metabolism maintains homeostasis at chronic hypercaloric conditions, activating postprandial response mechanisms, which come at the cost of adaptation processes such as energy storage, eventually with negative health consequences. This study quantified the metabolic adaptation capacity by studying challenge response curves. After a high-fat challenge, the 8 h response curves of 61 biomarkers related to adipose tissue mass and function, systemic stress, metabolic flexibility, vascular health, and glucose metabolism was compared between 3 metabolic health stages: 10 healthy men, before and after 4 wk of highfat, high-calorie diet (1300 kcal/d extra), and 9 men with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The MetS subjects had increased fasting concentrations of biomarkers representing the 3 core processes, glucose, TG, and inflammation control, and the challenge response curves of most biomarkers were altered. After the 4 wk hypercaloric dietary intervention, these 3 processes were not changed, as compared with the preintervention state in the healthy subjects, whereas the challenge response curves of almost all endocrine, metabolic, and inflammatory processes regulating these core processes were altered, demonstrating major molecular physiologic efforts to maintain homeostasis. This study thus demonstrates that change in challenge response is a more sensitive biomarker of metabolic resilience than are changes in fasting concentrations.-Kardinaal, A. F. M., van Erk, M. J., Dutman, A. E., Stroeve, J. H. M., van de Steeg, E., Bijlsma, S., Kooistra, T., van Ommen, B., Wopereis, S. Quantifying phenotypic flexibility as the response to a highfat challenge test in different states of metabolic health. FASEB J. 29, 4600-4613 (2015). www.fasebj.org

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“…8 This may be relevant in (a subgroup of) obese subjects, in particular, who show a reduced ability to increase fat oxidation acutely, as has been recently shown in the large European multi-center NUGENOB study. 9 Notably, this reduced ability to utilize fat as a fuel has been indicated in several studies as a predisposing factor towards the development of obesity. [10][11][12] Thus, minimizing diurnal insulin and glucose secretion in obese subjects, in the context of a low-fat diet, may represent an effective strategy for achieving and maintaining leanness and improving insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Protein Insulin Secretion and Substrate Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and treatment of obesity and related complications: a role for protein?

Blaak

2006

Int J Obes

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An increase in dietary protein content may be positive for body weight regulation through effects on satiety, thermogenesis and substrate partitioning. Proteins may have insulinotropic effects as insulin is a major regulator of substrate metabolism, changes in its secretion may have a major impact on substrate oxidation. A crucial factor with respect to the effect of protein on diurnal insulinemic profiles, is whether a relative increase in dietary protein is obtained by a reduction of carbohydrate or fat. When protein replaces carbohydrate within a low-fat diet (reduced insulinemic and glycemic responses), fat oxidation may be increased. A shift in muscle substrate utilization from carbohydrate to fat oxidation in obese subjects may be positive for weight control and may be the impetus for improving insulin sensitivity. An additional issue, with respect to the potential positive effect of an increase in dietary protein, is the type of subjects studied. In type 2 diabetic subjects with a compromised response of the b-cell to glucose, a protein-induced increase in insulin secretion may be beneficial to increase insulin-mediated glucose uptake, muscle mass and prevention of excessive glycemic and lipid overload in the systemic circulation. Nevertheless, in obese subjects the author proposes that minimizing diurnal insulin and glucose secretion, in the context of a low-fat diet (by increasing the protein/carbohydrate ratio of the diet), may represent an effective strategy for achieving and maintaining leanness, and improving insulin sensitivity through effects on substrate partitioning, favouring fat oxidation. Long-term dietary intervention studies are necessary to study the effect of a relatively increased dietary protein on body weight regulation and on the risk factors clustered in the metabolic syndrome.

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Fat Oxidation before and after a High Fat Load in the Obese Insulin-Resistant State

Abstract: The present data indicate an impaired capacity to regulate fat oxidation in the obese insulin-resistant state, which is hypothesized to play a role in the etiology of both obesity and insulin resistance.

Cited by 67 publications

References 36 publications

Therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides for the management of dyslipidemia

Therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides for the management of dyslipidemia

Quantifying phenotypic flexibility as the response to a high‐fat challenge test in different states of metabolic health

Prevention and treatment of obesity and related complications: a role for protein?

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