Fat in bone xenografts: Importance of the purification procedures on cleanliness, wettability and biocompatibility

Chappard, Daniel; Fressonnet, Corinne; Genty, Christian; Basle, Michel‐Félix; Rèbel, A

doi:10.1016/0142-9612(93)90238-w

Cited by 59 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The delipidation by supercritical CO2 associated with a partial deproteination seems to have an efficiency for bone ingrowth comparable to the delipidation performed using fat solvent maceration associated with deproteination using an oxidizing agent or proteic extraction techniques such as urea extraction [16]. It has been demonstrated that this kind of material is very weakly antigenic once implanted into humans, probably because bone marrow, which is the principal source of antigenic activity, has been removed [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological evaluation of xenogeneic bone treated by supercritical CO2 implanted into sheep

Frayssinet¹,

Asimus

Autefage

et al. 1995

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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Untreated xenogeneic bone is known to be rejected when implanted into human or animal bone. It contains bone marrow tissue which is highly antigenic. To be used as an alternative to auto and allografts, this antigenic material must be entirely removed. Removal of this soft tissue contained in the bone structure was performed using a delipidation process with supercritical CO2 followed by a deproteination with hydrogen peroxide or protease extraction. Such prepared materials were implanted into sheep bone for periods of 3 weeks, 2 months and 4 months. Bone whose organic matrix was destroyed by sintering, and untreated xenogeneic bone were used as controls. Qualitative histology and histomorphometry, measuring the percentage of the material in contact with newly formed, bone were performed on implant sections. This showed that the osseointegration of the supercritical C02-treated bone samples was equivalent to that of bone made anorganic by sintering while the untreated bone was embedded into an inflammatory tissue made up of macrophages, giant cells and plasmocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological evaluation of xenogeneic bone treated by supercritical CO2 implanted into sheep

Frayssinet¹,

Asimus

Autefage

et al. 1995

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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“…Certain processes based on bone maceration in oxidative products, following defatting, can be used to eliminate the cells and cell debris from the processed bone [4]. These processes are not satisfactory due to the very poor wettability resulting from the high fat content of the bone and do not allow treatment of the bone volume that may be required for massive allografts in carcinologic surgery for example.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological integration of allogeneic cancellous bone tissue treated by supercritical CO2 implanted in sheep bones

Frayssinet

Rouquet²,

Mathon

et al. 1998

Biomaterials

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Different chemical or physical methods of bone processing have been developed to decrease the antigenicity of allogeneic bone which may delay or prevent graft integration. We have developed a method based on delipidation and deproteination of the bone with a supercritical fluid and hydrogen peroxide. Cylinders of cancellous allogeneic bone treated in this way were implanted for four weeks, four months or eight months in holes drilled in sheep condyles or tibial plateau. Histological sections were then processed and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using an image analysis software coupled to a light microscope. Measurements were made of the trabecular bone surface (BS/TS), the relative osteoid surface (OS/BS), the active osteoid surface (OS/BS), active resorption surface (Oc.S/BS) and the relative surface of newly formed bone. After four weeks, the control cylinders (non-treated allogeneic bone) had been invaded by cellular tissue composed of lymphocytes and plasmocytes surrounding remnants of the donor bone marrow tissue. The processed cylinders showed osteoid apposition at the surface of their external trabeculae. The trabecular bone and osteoid surfaces were significantly higher in the processed bone sections than in the control bone sections. After four months, most of the control material had been osteolysed and replaced by connective tissue containing lymphocyte islets, while the processed materials showed a large amount of bone synthesized at the surface of implant trabeculae which appeared fragmented and disseminated within the newly formed bone. All the histomorphometric parameters measured were significantly different from those of the control.By eight months, most of the control material had been totally osteolysed with very little bone ingrown in the implantation site. Only one control implant had been integrated. The processed cylinders were difficult to discern from the bone in which they were implanted. The parameters measured on the processed cylinders were significantly higher than those measured on the control sections.In conclusion: the treatment applied to the bone enhanced allogeneic bone integration and could provide a new kind of tissue treatment for bone banking.

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“…Cytotoxicity produced by g-irradiated lipids in the bone grafts has been reported. 99,100 The effect of g-irradiation is also influenced by the dose of the radiation, the specimen temperature, and its physical status, such as water content. 23,97,98,[101][102][103] The morselized bone grafts used in this study were defatted in 6% hydrogen peroxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMP‐7 and CBFA1 in allograft bone in vivo bone formation and the influence of γ‐irradiation

Chen

Yang

et al. 2006

J Biomedical Materials Res

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An initial study showed that morselized human bone grafts were osteoconductive and osteoinductive when implanted in nude rat tibial window defects, and 25 kGy of gamma-irradiation significantly reduced those properties. The mechanism of the osteoinductivity and the influence of gamma-irradiation required further investigation. In this study we assessed the paraffin sections of seven morselized human bone grafts implanted into rat tibial defects for 3 weeks after being treated with 0, 15, or 25 kGy gamma-radiation respectively. Osteoclast-like cell counting and protein expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), core binding factor alpha1 (CBFA1), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were investigated and the positive signals were quantitatively analyzed. More new bone formation was observed in the 0 and 15 kGy groups compared with 25 kGy groups. The newly formed bones were found mainly from the intact cortex into the defects bridged by the implanted grafts. A dense staining of BMP-7 and CBFA1 was noted in the osteoblast-like cells in those areas. The BMP-7 and CBFA1 staining was also seen in the cells surrounding the implanted grafts in the centre areas of the defects in distance from the intact cortex. Quantitative analysis of immunohistochemical staining of the centre areas of the defects showed that gamma-irradiation (15 and 25 kGy) significantly reduced the expression of CBFA1 and BMP-7. In conclusion, morselized human bone grafts may contain some factors, which induced osteoblast lineage differentiation and bone formation and gamma-irradiation damages those bone inducing factors.

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Fat in bone xenografts: Importance of the purification procedures on cleanliness, wettability and biocompatibility

Cited by 59 publications

References 13 publications

Histological evaluation of xenogeneic bone treated by supercritical CO2 implanted into sheep

Histological evaluation of xenogeneic bone treated by supercritical CO2 implanted into sheep

Histological integration of allogeneic cancellous bone tissue treated by supercritical CO2 implanted in sheep bones

BMP‐7 and CBFA1 in allograft bone in vivo bone formation and the influence of γ‐irradiation

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