Fat distribution and gender differences in serum lipids in men and women from four European communities

Seidell, Jacob C.; Cigolini, M.; Charzewska, J; Ellsinger, B.M.; Björntorp, Per; Hautvast, J.G.A.J.; Szostak, W.B.

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(91)90022-u

Cited by 75 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Gender differences Significant differences in metabolite profiles and phenotypic parameters were observed between men and women, and thus a separate analysis increased the statistical power. Most of these differences are in agreement with earlier findings (Seidell et al, 1991;Wajchenberg, 2000). For instance, the higher gynoid fat levels in women and the higher A:G ratios in men go along with the higher prevalence of female 'pears' and male 'apples', respectively (Wajchenberg, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…For instance, the higher gynoid fat levels in women and the higher A:G ratios in men go along with the higher prevalence of female 'pears' and male 'apples', respectively (Wajchenberg, 2000). The gender differences in clinical markers generally reflect a more favorable metabolic risk profile for women, including lower levels of insulin and triacylglycerols and higher levels of HDLcholesterol (Lemieux et al, 1994;Seidell et al, 1991). In addition, women have lower levels of branched-chain amino acids that have been shown to be positively associated with insulin resistance (Adeva et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender-Dependent Associations of Metabolite Profiles and Body Fat Distribution in a Healthy Population with Central Obesity: Towards Metabolomics Diagnostics

Szymańska

Bouwman

Strassburg

et al. 2012

OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology

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Gender-dependent associations of metabolite profiles and body fat distribution in a healthy population with central obesity: towards metabolomics diagnostics Szymanska, E.; Bouwman, J.; Strassburg, K.; Vervoort, J.; Kangas, A.J.; Soininen, P.; AlaKorpela, M.; Westerhuis, J.A.; van Duynhoven, J.P.M.; Mela, D.J.; Macdonald, I.A.; Vreeken, R.J.; Smilde, A.K.; Jacobs, D.M. Published in: Omics DOI:10.1089/omi.2012.0062 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Szymaska, E., Bouwman, J., Strassburg, K., Vervoort, J., Kangas, A. J., Soininen, P., ... Jacobs, D. M. (2012). Gender-dependent associations of metabolite profiles and body fat distribution in a healthy population with central obesity: towards metabolomics diagnostics. Omics, 16(12), 652-667. DOI: 10.1089/omi.2012.0062 General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. AbstractObesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes especially when the fat is accumulated to central depots. Novel biomarkers are crucial to develop diagnostics for obesity and related metabolic disorders. We evaluated the associations between metabolite profiles (136 lipid components, 12 lipoprotein subclasses, 17 low-molecular-weight metabolites, 12 clinical markers) and 28 phenotype parameters (including different body fat distribution parameters such as android (A), gynoid (G), abdominal visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT) fat) in 215 plasma/serum samples from healthy overweight men (n = 32) and women (n = 83) with central obesity.(Partial) correlation analysis and partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis showed that only specific metabolites were associated to A:G ratio, VAT, and SAT, respectively. These association patterns were gender dependent. For example, insulin, cholesterol, VLDL, and certain triacylglycerols (TG 54:1-3) correlated to VAT in women, while in men VAT was associated with TG 50:1-5, TG 55:1, phosphatidylcholine (PC 32:0), and VLDL ((X)L). Moreover, multiple regression analysis revealed that waist circumference and total fat were sufficient to predict VAT and SAT in women. In contrast, only VAT but not SAT could be predicted in men and only when plasma metabolites were included, with PC 32:0 being most strongly associated with VAT. These findings collectively highlight the p...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Dependent Associations of Metabolite Profiles and Body Fat Distribution in a Healthy Population with Central Obesity: Towards Metabolomics Diagnostics

Szymańska

Bouwman

Strassburg

et al. 2012

OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology

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“…Overweight and obese subjects usually have low HDL-C concentrations (Seidell et al 1991). The underlying cause may be insulin resistance that promotes free fatty acid flux to the liver, stimulates hepatic lipogenesis, and finally enhances the secretion of triglyceride-rich apoB-containing lipoproteins from the liver.…”

Section: Hdl-c In Diseases and Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women have higher HDL-C levels than men (Heiss et al 1980;Seidell et al 1991), and significantly increased CHD risk is defined at levels below 50 mg/dl (1.29 mmol/l) and 40 mg/dl (1.03 mmol/l), respectively. The reason for the gender difference may mainly be sex hormones but the fat distribution seems to play a central role since adjustment for waist/thigh ratio almost totally removed the gender difference in HDL cholesterol (Seidell et al 1991). In women HDL-C levels decline after menopause (Heiss et al 1980) but the sex difference remains significant even in the seventh decade of life (Ostlund et al 1990).…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology: Disease Associations and Modulators of HDL-Related Biomarkers

Savolainen

2014

High Density Lipoproteins

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“…25,26 Recent studies on sex differences in biological cardiovascular risk factors among cohorts from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Survey and the MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging indicate that more men have high-risk levels of total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and higher waist/hip ratio. 27,28 Men are also more likely to be at risk based on levels of homocysteine [29][30][31] and triglycerides, 32 whereas women are more likely to have high levels of CRP. 33 Men and women tend to have different patterns of cardiovascular risk factor accumulation with age.…”

Section: Introduction Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Women and Men

Kim

Alley

Seeman

et al. 2006

Journal of Women's Health

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Background:The purpose of this study was to examine change over the 1990s in the proportion of men and women with measured high-risk values of cardiovascular risk factors.Methods: Change in the prevalence of high-risk conditions based on clinical cutoffs for 10 cardiovascular risk factors was assessed in respondents aged Ն40 from the nationally representative, cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) III (1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994) and IV (1999-2002).Results: Both sexes experienced a reduction in the prevalence of high-risk levels of cholesterol (total, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and low-density lipoprotein [LDL]) and high homocysteine and an increase in obesity and high C-reactive protein (CRP). Changes in the prevalence of high total cholesterol and high CRP were more pronounced among women. The percentage of women with high diastolic and systolic blood pressure increased, whereas this percentage decreased among men. During the same time, there was an increase in undiagnosed high blood pressure and in the use of antihypertensive medications without achieving adequate blood pressure control among women. Both sexes increased their use of cholesterollowering medication. These changes in diagnosis rates and medication usage did not explain the trends in the prevalence of high-risk blood pressure or high-risk cholesterol, although the larger increase in high CRP among women is related to increased use of postmenopausal hormone therapy over the 1990s.Conclusions: We found mixed trends in cardiovascular risk factors for both women and men; some improved and some deteriorated. Changes in medication use and obesity did not explain these trends.

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Fat distribution and gender differences in serum lipids in men and women from four European communities

Cited by 75 publications

References 19 publications

Gender-Dependent Associations of Metabolite Profiles and Body Fat Distribution in a Healthy Population with Central Obesity: Towards Metabolomics Diagnostics

Gender-Dependent Associations of Metabolite Profiles and Body Fat Distribution in a Healthy Population with Central Obesity: Towards Metabolomics Diagnostics

Epidemiology: Disease Associations and Modulators of HDL-Related Biomarkers

Recent Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Women and Men

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