Fat Absorption from the Human Gastrointestinal Tract in Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy

Reeves, Robert J.; Sanders, Aaron P.; Isley, Joseph K.; Sharpe, K W; Baylin, George J.

doi:10.1148/73.3.398

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…intestinal tract mucosa [42]. Nutritional sequelae may result from anorexia, nausea/vomiting and diarrhoea leading to a variety of malabsorption syndromes and physical discomfort [44][45][46]. So far, the routine approach is to maintain an ad libitum oral diet, since comparative studies with dietary manipulation or oral nutrition supplementation, and evaluating functional, clinical and QoL outcomes are lacking [16].…”

Section: Symptom Induced Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient-Centered Outcomes in Cancer: Nutrition Makes a Real Difference!

Ravasco¹

2006

CNF

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Greater understanding of factors contributing to nutritional deterioration in cancer, as well as patients' expectations and the personal disease impact, are required to devise meaningful nutritional therapy. In a cross-sectional study of 205 patients with cancer of the head-neck, oesophagus, stomach, colon/rectum, nutritional deterioration was multifactorial and mainly determined by the tumour burden. In a larger cohort of 271 patients, although cancer stage and location were the major determinants of the patients' Quality of Life, nutritional deterioration combined with deficiencies in nutritional intake were functionally more relevant than cancer stage. Based on this framework, we tested the potential role of nutritional intervention on patient predefined outcomes: nutritional status, diet intake, morbidity and Quality of Life. Two prospective randomised controlled trials were conducted in patients with cancer of the colon/rectum (n=111) or head-neck (n=75), in both instances patients were stratified for staging. In order to compare nutritional interventions during radiotherapy, each study had 3 arms: intensive dietary counselling vs oral supplements vs ad libitum intake; outcomes were analysed at the end and 3 months after radiotherapy, the latter period without intervention. In both trials, only nutritional interventions positively influenced outcomes during radiotherapy; 3 months after its completion, intensive counselling was the single method capable of sustaining a significant impact on patients' outcomes. Nutrition is central to the improvement of a diversity of patient outcomes in colorectal and head-neck cancer patients.

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Section: Symptom Induced Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient-Centered Outcomes in Cancer: Nutrition Makes a Real Difference!

Ravasco¹

2006

CNF

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“…By the completion of treatment her weight was stable and she was clinically well and free of disease. Second, third, and fourth courses of combination triple chemotherapy were given March 8-12, 1971, blay [24][25][26][27][28][29]1971, and August [8][9][10][11][12][13]1971, with no exacerbation of intestinal symptoms by the administration of actinomycin D.…”

Section: MD Igr 70-09288 a 2 M-year-old Girl Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation enteritis in children.A retrospective review, clinicopathologic correlation, and dietary management

Donaldson

Jundt

Ricour

et al. 1975

Cancer

125

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The clinicopathologic features of radiation enteritis are reviewed in 44 children receiving whole abdominal radiation therapy between 1961–1972 at the Institut Gustave‐Roussy. Five of 14 long‐term survivors (36%) developed severe delayed radiation injury with small bowel obstruction, occurring within 2 months after completion of irradiation. All had previously had acute radiation reaction during therapy. Histologic appearance in the small bowel at the time of delayed radiation injury revealed severe villus blunting, lymphatic dilatation, and moderately dense inflammatory infiltrate. All patients with delayed radiation injury showed marked clinical improvement coincident with a fractionated low‐residue, low‐fat diet, free of gluten and free of milk and milk products. The abnormal small bowel roentgenographs and small bowel biopsies reverted to a normal appearance in association with the diet. No exacerbation of radiation enteritis has been seen following dietary therapy.

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“…In hypogammaglobulinemia and radiation injury the mucosal cells are altered, and their lack of absorptive capacity may produce steatorrhea. 13 Rapid transit represents a mechanical problem in that foodstuffs are not allowed to remain in contact with the villi and brush border for a sufficient period to allow proper POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE absorption. In the carcinoid syndrome intestinal motility is increased secondary to hyperserotoninemia.14 The so-called autonomic denervation with increased transit time is responsible for the steatorrhea occasionally associated with diabetes mellitus and the diarrhea or steatorrhea which follows total vagotomy.…”

Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%