Fasting Ramadan in patients with T1DM – Saudi Arabia versus other countries during the COVID-19 pandemic

Alamoudi, Reem; Aljohani, Naji; Alfadhli, Eman; Alzaman, Naweed; Alfadhly, Abdulaziz F.; Kallash, Majd-Aldeen; Alshenqete, Abdulwadod M.; Batais, Mohammed Ali; Alharbi, Mansour; Ekhzaimy, Aishah; Sheshah, Eman; Ahmedani, Muhammad Yakoob; Büyükbeşe, Mehmet Akif; Shaltout, Inass; Hemaida, Kamel; Belkhadir, Jamal; Afandi, Bachar; Hafidh, Khadija; Hussein, Zanariah; Elbarbary, Nancy; Hassanein, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102676

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Alamoudi et al compared Saudi Arabia with other countries regarding patient attitudes toward fasting during Ramadan during the COVID-19 pandemic. 37 Data was collected from Saudi Arabia and 12 other mostly Muslim-majority countries via physician-administered questionnaires within post-Ramadan 2020. One thousand four hundred eighty-five T1DM patients were analyzed; 47.5% were from Saudi Arabia versus 52.5% from other countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan Fasting and Diabetes (2022): The Year in Review

Hafidh

Besheya

Elmehdawi

et al. 2023

Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice

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Objectives The literature on the impact of Ramadan fasting (RF) on metabolic control and health in people with diabetes is widely spread in many journals making it not readily accessible to those interested in the subject. We aimed to provide a narrative overview of the global literature production in 1 year (2022) on diabetes and RF. Materials and Methods It is a narrative, non-systematic review of the international literature from a single major medical online database (i.e., PubMed) in one calendar year (2022). Relevant literature was narrated in a concise thematic account. Results Themes emerged from the review of the literature on RF published in 2022, including a couple of studies on the epidemiology of fasting in the real world by adults and children. Three studies involved some pathophysiological observations of metabolic and other biochemical markers. Several studies assessed the use and safety of different pharmacological therapeutic agents. Certain sulfonylureas, such as modified-release gliclazide, were considered safer than other sulfonylureas. Newer basal insulin analogs were studied in different geographical and socioeconomic settings (Gulf vs. South East Asia). The role of diabetes technology in Ramadan was the focus of several studies of insulin pumps and monitoring. Special themes were high-risk groups, pregnancy, acute complications, postbariatric surgery, and COVID-19 in Ramadan. Few studies examined the safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors as a class and individually during RF. Professional and patient perspectives released in 2022 included updated guidelines for adults and adolescents. Conclusions In 2022's medical literature, RF and diabetes continue to address epidemiology, the burden of diabetes care on fasting patients, and discussions of concerns of patients and healthcare professionals. Risk stratification and issues of high-risk patients are still in focus for children, adolescents, and adults. Approaches to effective management still gather evidence for newer pharmacological agents and diabetes technology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan Fasting and Diabetes (2022): The Year in Review

Hafidh

Besheya

Elmehdawi

et al. 2023

Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice

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“…The finding was consistent with those of a prior study, which shown that hypoglycemia that necessitates breaking of the fast is more likely to occur in the first few hours of fasting in Saudi Arabian patients as opposed to patients from other countries. 13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of the International Diabetes Federation risk stratification score of Ramadan fasting in individuals with diabetes mellitus

Alfadhli,

Alharbi,

Alrotoie

et al. 2024

SMJ

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Objectives: To assess the validity of the new International Diabetes Federation-Diabetes and Ramadan International Alliance (IDF-DAR) risk stratification tool for Ramadan fasting in predicting diabetic patients’ ability to fast safely. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out during Ramadan 2022 at the Diabetes Center, King Fahad Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. The IDF-DAR risk stratification tool was used to calculate fasting risk for diabetic patients pre-Ramadan. The patients were allocated into 3 categories: high, moderate, and low risk. Fasting was left up to the patients and their healthcare providers. Participants filled out a log-sheet each day of Ramadan showing whether they completed the fast. A final interview was carried out after Ramadan to assess patients’ fasting experiences. Results: We included 466 patients with diabetes: 79.4% with T2DM and 20.6% with T1DM. Based on the IDF-DAR score, 265 (56.9%) patients were classified as high risk, 115 (24.7%) as moderate risk, and 86 (18.4%) as low risk. Non-fasting the whole month of Ramadan was statistically relevant to the IDF-DAR risk stratification score. High-risk individuals were more likely to experience hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia than those with a moderate or low risk. But overall, 70.4% of people at moderate risk and 53.2% of the ones at high risk observed Ramadan’s complete fast. Conclusion: The IDF-DAR has proven to be reliable and valid for predicting the risk of adverse events associated with fasting in diabetic patients. Nonetheless, it might overestimate the risk of fasting for some patients.

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“…Different aspects of the impact of COVID-19 infection on diabetes for people observing RF were assessed by a few investigators. [47][48][49][50][51] The DaR Global survey was conducted in 13 countries to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the intentions to fast and the outcomes of fasting in PWD with chronic kidney disease (CKD). 47 The study included 6,736 PWD, of which 10.5% had CKD.…”

Section: Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different aspects of the impact of COVID-19 infection on diabetes for people observing RF were assessed by a few investigators. 47 48 49 50 51…”

Section: Highlights Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Diabetes and Ramadan Fasting (2023): The Year in Review

Abusahmin,

Abdelgadir,

Eledrisi

et al. 2024

Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice

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Introduction We aimed to provide an overview of the global literature production on diabetes and Ramadan in the past year (2023). Materials and Methods This is a narrative, nonsystematic review of the international literature from two major medical online databases (PubMed and Google Scholar) in 2023. The search term “Diabetes AND Ramadan fasting” was used, and the relevant literature was narrated in a concise thematic account. Results The publications spanned a vast array of topics related to diabetes and Ramadan fasting (RF), including physiology and nutrition, risk assessment stratification tools and their validation, assessments of safety and efficacy profiles of older and newer diabetes therapies, diabetes education, use of advanced technology for the treatment, and monitoring and impact on pregnancy. Some reports covered the interaction between Ramadan and COVID-19 concerning diabetes, pregnancy, complications, and unique characteristics of diabetes and fasting by young and older people. Conclusion The current narration presents this year's global scholarly production on the safety of fasting practices, care models, and patients' experiences and perspectives.

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Fasting Ramadan in patients with T1DM – Saudi Arabia versus other countries during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Ramadan Fasting and Diabetes (2022): The Year in Review

Ramadan Fasting and Diabetes (2022): The Year in Review

Validity of the International Diabetes Federation risk stratification score of Ramadan fasting in individuals with diabetes mellitus

Diabetes and Ramadan Fasting (2023): The Year in Review

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