Fasting Metabolic Rate in Hens

Damme, K.; Pirchner, F.; Willeke, H.; Eichinger, H

doi:10.3382/ps.0660881

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…[35][36][37]), mammals (e.g. [51,52]) and chickens [53], but the static scaling exponent of metabolic rate is almost isometric in adult pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca [54], and metabolic rate and body mass are independent in some (e.g. [55]), but not all (e.g.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Allometric Scaling Of Metabolism and The Benementioning

confidence: 99%

Why does offspring size affect performance? Integrating metabolic scaling with life-history theory

2015

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Within species, larger offspring typically outperform smaller offspring. While the relationship between offspring size and performance is ubiquitous, the cause of this relationship remains elusive. By linking metabolic and life-history theory, we provide a general explanation for why larger offspring perform better than smaller offspring. Using high-throughput respirometry arrays, we link metabolic rate to offspring size in two species of marine bryozoan. We found that metabolism scales allometrically with offspring size in both species: while larger offspring use absolutely more energy than smaller offspring, larger offspring use proportionally less of their maternally derived energy throughout the dependent, non-feeding phase. The increased metabolic efficiency of larger offspring while dependent on maternal investment may explain offspring size effects-larger offspring reach nutritional independence (feed for themselves) with a higher proportion of energy relative to structure than smaller offspring. These findings offer a potentially universal explanation for why larger offspring tend to perform better than smaller offspring but studies on other taxa are needed.

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Section: Discussion (A) Allometric Scaling Of Metabolism and The Benementioning

confidence: 99%

Why does offspring size affect performance? Integrating metabolic scaling with life-history theory

2015

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“…Following 24 h feed deprivation, layers (Damme et al., 1987) have similar to broilers a fasting metabolic rate of about 30 kJ/h (Noblet et al., 2015) as they may be laying at an 80% rate even at the end of the commercial laying period. The experiments of Damme et al.…”

Section: Assessment Of Scenario 1: Road Transport Of Domestic Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiments of Damme et al. (1987) did not provide data for shorter periods of fasting, relevant to transport, but did note that poorly feathered birds had increased heat loss of up to 11 kJ/h indicating that they would experience prolonged hunger sooner than well‐feathered hens.…”

Section: Assessment Of Scenario 1: Road Transport Of Domestic Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of domestic birds and rabbits transported in containers

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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This opinion, produced upon a request from the European Commission, focuses on transport of domestic birds and rabbits in containers (e.g. any crate, box, receptacle or other rigid structure used for the transport of animals, but not the means of transport itself). It describes and assesses current transport practices in the EU, based on data from literature, Member States and expert opinion. The species and categories of domestic birds assessed were mainly chickens for meat (broilers), end-of-lay hens and dayold chicks. They included to a lesser extent pullets, turkeys, ducks, geese, quails and game birds, due to limited scientific evidence. The opinion focuses on road transport to slaughterhouses or to production sites. For day-old chicks, air transport is also addressed. The relevant stages of transport considered are preparation, loading, journey, arrival and uncrating. Welfare consequences associated with current transport practices were identified for each stage. For loading and uncrating, the highly relevant welfare consequences identified are handling stress, injuries, restriction of movement and sensory overstimulation. For the journey and arrival, injuries, restriction of movement, sensory overstimulation, motion stress, heat stress, cold stress, prolonged hunger and prolonged thirst are identified as highly relevant. For each welfare consequence, animal-based measures (ABMs) and hazards were identified and assessed, and both preventive and corrective or mitigative measures proposed. Recommendations on quantitative criteria to prevent or mitigate welfare consequences are provided for microclimatic conditions, space allowances and journey times for all categories of animals, where scientific evidence and expert opinion support such outcomes.

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“…Therefore, several alternative methods for inducing molting without starvation have been developed. These include feeding diets deficient in an essential nutrient or modifying the diet by feeding low levels of calcium or high levels of zinc [9]–[12]. Among these, the practice of feeding a diet high in zinc has received the most attention as it is easy to practice, post-molt performance of laying hens is acceptable and there is not an increase in susceptibility to infection by Salmonella enteritidis [13]–[15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recrudescence Mechanisms and Gene Expression Profile of the Reproductive Tracts from Chickens during the Molting Period

et al. 2013

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The reproductive system of chickens undergoes dynamic morphological and functional tissue remodeling during the molting period. The present study identified global gene expression profiles following oviductal tissue regression and regeneration in laying hens in which molting was induced by feeding high levels of zinc in the diet. During the molting and recrudescence processes, progressive morphological and physiological changes included regression and re-growth of reproductive organs and fluctuations in concentrations of testosterone, progesterone, estradiol and corticosterone in blood. The cDNA microarray analysis of oviductal tissues revealed the biological significance of gene expression-based modulation in oviductal tissue during its remodeling. Based on the gene expression profiles, expression patterns of selected genes such as, TF, ANGPTL3, p20K, PTN, AvBD11 and SERPINB3 exhibited similar patterns in expression with gradual decreases during regression of the oviduct and sequential increases during resurrection of the functional oviduct. Also, miR-1689* inhibited expression of Sp1, while miR-17-3p, miR-22* and miR-1764 inhibited expression of STAT1. Similarly, chicken miR-1562 and miR-138 reduced the expression of ANGPTL3 and p20K, respectively. These results suggest that these differentially regulated genes are closely correlated with the molecular mechanism(s) for development and tissue remodeling of the avian female reproductive tract, and that miRNA-mediated regulation of key genes likely contributes to remodeling of the avian reproductive tract by controlling expression of those genes post-transcriptionally. The discovered global gene profiles provide new molecular candidates responsible for regulating morphological and functional recrudescence of the avian reproductive tract, and provide novel insights into understanding the remodeling process at the genomic and epigenomic levels.

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Fasting Metabolic Rate in Hens

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Why does offspring size affect performance? Integrating metabolic scaling with life-history theory

Why does offspring size affect performance? Integrating metabolic scaling with life-history theory

Welfare of domestic birds and rabbits transported in containers

Recrudescence Mechanisms and Gene Expression Profile of the Reproductive Tracts from Chickens during the Molting Period

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