Fasting and refeeding. III. Antinatriuretic effect of oral and intravenous carbohydrate and its relationship to potassium excretion

Hoffman, Richard S.; Martino, Joseph A.; Wahl, Georgia; Arky, Ronald A.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(71)90031-x

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…While this phenomenon has been the subject of numerous investigations (1)(2)(3)(4)(5), the mechanism of urinary losses of sodium and the loca tion in the nephron where it occurs are obscure. Some authors (2,5), however, have sug gested a localization of the phenomenon to be Henle's loop and distal tubules by clearance experiments. Therefore, the present experiments were performed to clarify the changing of the function of the Henle's loop of the fasted rat kidney using the single nephron perfu sion technique.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Fasting on the Henle’s Loop Function of Rat Kidney

Murayama

Sakai

1975

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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It is generally known that sodium excretion into the urine increases for several days when a normal person fasts completely. While this phenomenon has been the subject of numerous investigations (1-5), the mechanism of urinary losses of sodium and the loca tion in the nephron where it occurs are obscure. Some authors (2, 5), however, have sug gested a localization of the phenomenon to be Henle's loop and distal tubules by clearance experiments. Therefore, the present experiments were performed to clarify the changing of the function of the Henle's loop of the fasted rat kidney using the single nephron perfu sion technique.Male Wistar rats weighing 150-260 g were used in the experiments. Rats of the con trol non-fasted group were given free access to a dry pellet diet (Na 84 mEq/kg, K 110 mEq/ kg) just prior to experiment and those of the fasted group were deprived of food 18 to 24 hr prior to experimental procedures. All rats were given tap water.The animals were anesthetized with Nembutal (50 mg/kg, Abbott) i.p. and placed on a heated table. After tracheotomy, the femoral vein and the left ureter were catheterized, and the left kidney was exposed. During these surgical procedures, 1 ml of Ringer's solu tion was infused intravenously to replace surgical losses. A collection was made from the early segment of the distal tubule of the same nephron.Left ureteral urine was collected at appropriate intervals for 2 to 4 hr. Blood samples were collected by heart puncture after the experiment.The osmolarities of the tubular samples and ureteral urine were estimated with a micro osmometer. The sodium concentration of the tubular fluid was determined with an ultra micro-flamephotometer (Erma, Model 677), the sodium and potassium concentrations in * Present address:

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Fasting on the Henle’s Loop Function of Rat Kidney

Murayama

Sakai

1975

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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“…It is assumed that this represents a net loss of extracellular fluid, as demonstrated by others in identical condi tions [14],…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Nephron Segment with Reduced Sodium Reabsorption during Starvation Natriuresis

Satta¹,

Faedda²,

Olmeo³

et al. 1984

Kidney Blood Press Res

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The segment of the nephron where carbohydrate deprivation depresses Na transport leading to natriuresis was sought by a new clearance technique designed to measure segmental reabsorption in each portion of the human renal tubule. Experiments were performed during maximal water diuresis before and 4 days after carbohydrate withdrawal. Proximal reabsorption had fallen from 70 ± 4 to 60 + 5 ml ■ min^-1 p < 0.05, by the 4th day of sugar deprivation, accounting for the natriuresis and the associated weight loss of 1.8 kg. By the 4th day of fasting, when Na excretion had returned to control levels, GFR had fallen nonsignificantly from 99 ± 6 to 95 ± 5 ml · min^-1, while Na reabsorption along distal segments had risen. In fact, Na transport, expressed by the equivalent volumes of solute free-water generated, rose from 17.4 ± 3.4 to 23.6 ± 2.1 along the ascending limb of Henle’s loop, and from 8.1 ± 0.8 to 9.2 ± 1.3 ml · min^-1 · GFR^-1 · 100 along the distal tubule. Thus, analysis of segmental Na transport by this method discloses that starvation natriuresis is a proximal tubular event, progressively counterbalanced by enhanced Na reclamation in more distal sites. Volume contraction and the attendant fall in GFR concur to curb delivery out of the proximal tubule which is matched by enhanced distal Na reabsorption till a new steady-state excretion is attained.

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“…Carbohydrate diets have been found to decrease the natriuresis of starvation (Bloom, 1962(Bloom, , 1967Katz et al, 1968;Hoffman et al, 1971;Veverbrants and Arky, 1969), A decrease in natriuresis could theoretically lead to hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Refeeding and especially refeeding with carbohydrates will halt the natriuresis of fasting (Bloom, 1962;Katz et al, 1968;Hoffman et al, 1971;Veverbrants and Arky, 1969). Blood volume will return to normal during refeeding and any anemia will then become apparent.…”

Section: Red Blood Cell Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their study, however, refeeding with either carbohydrate or protein halted this sodium loss. Hoffman et al (1971) found that either intravenous or oral adminis tration of glucose would halt the natriuresis of fasting. The antinatriuretic effect of oral glucose was independent of circulating insulin and free fatty acid levels.…”

Section: Electrolyte and Body Fluid Compartment Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of reoccuring starvation and refeeding of a high carbohydrate diet on blood cellular constituents, vectorcardiograms, blood pressures, and femoral artery stretch-tension characteristics in beagles

Riedesel

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Fasting and refeeding. III. Antinatriuretic effect of oral and intravenous carbohydrate and its relationship to potassium excretion

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Fasting on the Henle’s Loop Function of Rat Kidney

Effects of Fasting on the Henle’s Loop Function of Rat Kidney

Studies on the Nephron Segment with Reduced Sodium Reabsorption during Starvation Natriuresis

The effects of reoccuring starvation and refeeding of a high carbohydrate diet on blood cellular constituents, vectorcardiograms, blood pressures, and femoral artery stretch-tension characteristics in beagles

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