Fasting and realimentation in the ruminant

Aylward, F.; Blackwood, Janet Henderson

doi:10.1042/bj0301819

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…1 and 2 while the remaining values are summarized in Table I. The values for total fatty acids, lipoid-P, free and combined cholesterol show no regular variation and are comparable with those found in animals under different conditions of fasting and of high fat feeding [Aylward & Blackwood, 1936]. The administration of iodized fat does not then result in any apparent Table I.…”

Section: -2supporting

confidence: 53%

“…Circumstantial evidence is, however, not lacking. Blackwood [1934] showed conclusively that milk fat and milk phosphorus did not arise from blood phosphatides, results which, with others, were simultaneously confirmed by Lintzel [1934] and 2 years later by Graham et al [1936], from whose paper the above figure for the rate of blood flow is taken and who found a diminution of total fatty acids in the blood on passage through the mammary gland and little change in the phospholipin fraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Alimentary lipaemia. The absorption and digestion of fat by the ruminant have been shown to be not only very slow but also continuous processes lasting for several days with the result that the alimentary tides characteristic of the non-ruminant are not observed [Maynard & McCay, 1929;Aylward & Blackwood, 1936]. The latter found that the reserves of the body depots together with the continuous nature of absorption were sufficient to maintain almost constant fat levels in the blood even during prolonged fasting before and after feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By reviewing the evidence therefore the following position is reached. (1) Direct evidence from arterial and mammary venous sampling has shown the non-intervention of phospholipins in the synthesis of milk fat [Blackwood, 1934;Lintzel, 1934;Graham et at. 1936].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipaemia and milk fat secretion in the ruminant

Aylward

Blackwood

Smith

1937

Biochemical Journal

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Section: -2supporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipaemia and milk fat secretion in the ruminant

Aylward

Blackwood

Smith

1937

Biochemical Journal

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“…In the previous experiments [Hutchinson & Morris, 1936;Benedict & Ritzman, 1927] the animals were subjected to a period of low protein intake prior to starvation. In view of the statement by Aylward & Blackwood [1936] that demineralization of the osseous tissue takes place during fasting, the mineral (Ca and P) metabolism was studied in the case of the goats and sheep.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The fasting metabolism of ruminants

Morris

1939

Biochemical Journal

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I. Reproduction and lactation

Smith

1939

Journal of Dairy Research

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ALTHOUGH research work on the physiology of reproduction in dairy cattle does not appear to have made any outstanding advance during the past two years, some slight but valuable progress is reported in a few of the more important branches of the subject. Non-pathological sterility, one of the greatest problems for the dairy farmer, continues to be studied in detail. Its importance could not be better gauged than by reference to the published account of a lecture by Craig (1) in which this recognized authority presents a concise and clear account of the problem as it exists today. The value of the account is enhanced by the subsequent discussion in which various points are raised by questioners possessing first-hand knowledge of the practical difficulties involved. Lagerlof (2) has published a treatise on sterility which opens with sections devoted to its etiology, genetics and hygiene. He then passes to the main part of the paper which deals with sterility in the bull and in which he stresses that a study of the morphological characters of the spermatozoa is more important for detecting permanent sterility in bulls than their actual number and motility, because active motility does not necessarily imply fertility and in old bulls the number may be perfectly normal although fertility is declining. The various types of spermatozoa are described and illustrated and it is explained that the number of spermatozoa deviating morphologically from the normal is a point of importance. Thus for the 100 normal bulls examined this number was found to be 117 per 1000, but with bulls having defective development of the testes, those in which sterility set in suddenly and in aged bulls the corresponding number was well over 300. In this connexion it may be mentioned that the development of the testes and the scrotum of the ram, bull and boar has been studied in detail by Phillips & Andrews (3) with the object of collecting information which might lead to the better breeding, management and feeding of young males. The influence of diet on reproduction has been investigated by Arnold et al.{±) particularly with regard to mineral requirements and by Meigs & Conversed) with reference to vitamin A. Arnold and his colleagues find that under natural conditions in Florida, salt sickness retards reproduction and that its results can be overcome by the addition of ammonium citrate and copper sulphate to the drinking water or by free access to bone meal and certain mineral mixtures. Calves from heifers suffering from this deficiency had an average weight of only 39 lb. as compared with 54 lb. for those from normal heifers, and the lighter calves were more delicate and more prone to ailments of various kinds. Copper and perhaps iron appear to be essential in the diet for normal reproduction. Meigs and Converse confirm the results of other workers, mentioned in the previous review, who have stressed the necessity for vitamin A or carotene for normal healthy reproduction in cows. They have found that with rations poor in carotene there is a l...

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Fasting and realimentation in the ruminant

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Lipaemia and milk fat secretion in the ruminant

Lipaemia and milk fat secretion in the ruminant

The fasting metabolism of ruminants

I. Reproduction and lactation

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