Fasting and Postprandial Activity of Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthy Men

Vrieze, Anne; Schopman, J.E.; Admiraal, Wanda M.; Soeters, Maarten R.; Nieuwdorp, Max; Verberne, Hein J.; Holleman, F.

doi:10.2967/jnumed.111.100701

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Other known predictors of the presence of BAT uptake include age (younger), sex (female), body mass index (lower), and maximum outdoor temperature (lower) (38). Cold exposure is known to stimulate BAT via an adrenergic mechanism (18), which is more pronounced during fasting (39). Therefore, to minimize activation of BAT, patients should avoid cold exposure for 2 d before the study and avoid air conditioning on the day of the study.…”

Section: Environmental Conditions and Premedicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

18F-FDG PET and PET/CT Patient Preparation: A Review of the Literature

Surasi

Bhambhvani

Baldwin

et al. 2014

Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology

101

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Section: Environmental Conditions and Premedicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

18F-FDG PET and PET/CT Patient Preparation: A Review of the Literature

Surasi

Bhambhvani

Baldwin

et al. 2014

Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology

101

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“…They also observed greater FDG uptake into muscle after a meal than during cool stimulation (41). Vrieze et al (127) addressed the same question by comparing BAT activity 90 min after a meal to that after an overnight fast. They observed that FDG uptake was significantly lower during the meal study.…”

Section: Assessment Of Bat and Browningmentioning

confidence: 99%

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Brown adipose tissue in humans: regulation and metabolic significance

Thuzar

2016

European Journal of Endocrinology

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The recent discovery that functional brown adipose tissue (BAT) persists in adult humans has enkindled a renaissance in metabolic research, with a view of harnessing its thermogenic capacity to combat obesity. This review focuses on the advances in the regulation and the metabolic significance of BAT in humans. BAT activity in humans is stimulated by cold exposure and by several factors such as diet and metabolic hormones. BAT function is regulated at two levels: an acute process involving the stimulation of the intrinsic thermogenic activity of brown adipocytes and a chronic process of growth involving the proliferation of pre-existing brown adipocytes or differentiation to brown adipocytes of adipocytes from specific white adipose tissue depots. BAT activity is reduced in the obese, and its stimulation by cold exposure increases insulin sensitivity and reduces body fat. These observations provide strong evidence that BAT plays a significant role in energy balance in humans and has the potential to be harnessed as a therapeutic target for the management of obesity.

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“…Several studies found a high incidence of metabolically active BAT in the supraclavicular and paraspinal regions in adults, an observation that is accentuated after cold activation (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Studies furthermore suggest that BAT activation is associated with improved regulation of energy expenditure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue ¹⁸F-FDG Uptake and Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2016

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Preclinical data suggest a negative correlation between brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the degree of coronary atherosclerosis. We sought to evaluate the relationship between 18 F-FDG uptake in supraclavicular BAT in relation to arterial inflammation and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in humans. Methods: Individuals who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT for clinical indications but who did not have either cancer or known atherosclerotic disease at the time of imaging were included. A radiologist masked to clinical data measured 18 F-FDG uptake within BAT (in the supraclavicular region) as well as in subcutaneous adipose tissues. Tissue density was evaluated using CT (Hounsfield units). Arterial inflammation was assessed by measuring arterial 18 F-FDG uptake and calculating target-to-background ratio. CVD events were independently adjudicated by masked cardiologists. Thereafter, the relationship between BAT activity and CVD events was evaluated. Results: A total of 443 patients (age, 55 y [44-66 y]; 44% men; body mass index [BMI], 26 [range, 23-31]) were included, and 30 patients experienced a cardiovascular event during a median follow-up of 4 y. BAT activity negatively correlated with arterial inflammation (r 5 −0.178, P , 0.01), a relationship that persisted after correcting for age and BMI (r 5 −0.147, P , 0.01). When either high sensitivity or high accuracy thresholds (from receiver-operating curve analyses) were used to define elevated BAT, high BAT was associated with a reduced risk of CVD events (P 5 0.048), even after correcting for age (P 5 0.037). Conclusion: Our results suggest that increased supraclavicular BAT activity is inversely associated with arterial inflammation, independently of age and BMI. Additionally, increased BAT may be associated with fewer cardiovascular events.

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Fasting and Postprandial Activity of Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthy Men

Cited by 47 publications

References 13 publications

18F-FDG PET and PET/CT Patient Preparation: A Review of the Literature

18F-FDG PET and PET/CT Patient Preparation: A Review of the Literature

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Brown adipose tissue in humans: regulation and metabolic significance

Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue ¹⁸F-FDG Uptake and Cardiovascular Disease

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Fasting and Postprandial Activity of Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthy Men

Cited by 47 publications

References 13 publications

18F-FDG PET and PET/CT Patient Preparation: A Review of the Literature

18F-FDG PET and PET/CT Patient Preparation: A Review of the Literature

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Brown adipose tissue in humans: regulation and metabolic significance

Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue 18F-FDG Uptake and Cardiovascular Disease

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Supraclavicular Brown Adipose Tissue ¹⁸F-FDG Uptake and Cardiovascular Disease