Fast Wavelength-Tunable Lasers on Silicon

Dhoore, Sören; Roelkens, Günther; Morthier, Geert

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2019.2912034

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Note that these two steps are optional, as appropriate, and can be adjusted in parallel with ROADM reconfiguration because they affect the transponders only. Prior work has demonstrated frequency tuning [10,29] and modulation change [76,77] in milliseconds.…”

Section: Production-level Testbedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Constraints. Constraints (28)(29)(30) are identical to Constraints (1-3) in Table 2, Constraints (7-9) in Table 3 and Constraints (18)(19)(20) process with multiple observe-analyze-act control loops that takes several minutes per amplifier. To understand the current practice, we shadowed the process of reconfiguring four wavelengths on a 2,000 km fiber path with 24 cascaded amplifier sites between Canada and US in Facebook.…”

Section: A5 Binary Ilp Formulation For Arrow's Te With Lotteryticketsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arrow

Zhong

Ghobadi

Khaddaj

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGCOMM 2021 Conference

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Fiber cut events reduce the capacity of wide-area networks (WANs) by several Tbps. In this paper, we revive the lost capacity by reconfiguring the wavelengths from cut fibers into healthy fibers. We highlight two challenges that made prior solutions impractical and propose a system called Arrow to address them. First, our measurements show that contrary to common belief, in most cases, the lost capacity is only partially restorable. This poses a cross-layer challenge from the Traffic Engineering (TE) perspective that has not been considered before: "Which IP links should be restored and by how much to best match the TE objective?" To address this challenge, Arrow's restoration-aware TE system takes a set of partial restoration candidates (that we call LotteryTickets) as input and proactively finds the best restoration plan. Second, prior work has not considered the reconfiguration latency of amplifiers. However, in practical settings, amplifiers add tens of minutes of reconfiguration delay. To enable fast and practical restoration, Arrow leverages optical noise loading and bypasses amplifier reconfiguration altogether. We evaluate Arrow using large-scale simulations and a testbed. Our testbed demonstrates Arrow's end-to-end restoration latency is eight seconds. Our large-scale simulations compare Arrow to the state-of-the-art TE schemes and show it can support 2.0×-2.4× more demand without compromising 99.99% availability.

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Section: Production-level Testbedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A5 Binary Ilp Formulation For Arrow's Te With Lotteryticketsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrow

Zhong

Ghobadi

Khaddaj

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGCOMM 2021 Conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To evaluate the performance of the proposed DCN architecture we vary the above switching times over the range 0.1 µs, 1 µs and 10 µs. The intention is to investigate the proposed architecture's performance over a representative range of fast tunable transmitter technologies (class 1: < 10 µs), as reported in [30].…”

Section: B Simulation Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

AgileDCN: An Agile Reconfigurable Optical Data Center Network Architecture

Barry²,

Kilper

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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This paper presents a detailed examination of a novel data center network (DCN) that can satisfy the high capacity and low latency requirements of modern cloud computing applications. This reconfigurable architecture called AgileDCN uses fastswitching optical components with a centralized control function and workload scheduler. By providing a highly flexible optical network fabric between server racks, very high network efficiencies can be achieved even under imbalanced loading patterns. Our simulation results show that, at high (70%) loads, TCP flow completion times in the AgileDCN are significantly lower than in an equivalent electronic leaf-spine network.

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“…With explosive data generation, the accompanying demand for an increasingly high data transmission rate between chips is pushing copper wire to its limit. , To overcome this problem, the silicon photonic chip has emerged as a star alternative, and it is believed that such a photonic chip will revolutionize optical interconnections with its complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible fabrication process. − Despite the significant advances in passive components such as waveguides, modulators, and detectors, its decisive success suffers greatly from the lack of a CMOS-compatible monolithic light source due to the indirect bandgap nature of silicon and germanium. − Although III–V group semiconductor lasers have been successfully integrated into silicon photonic chips as an alternative solution, − the preference for a real CMOS silicon laser has inspired the relentless search for any possibility up to now. For instance, silicon lasers utilizing the Raman effect with a low threshold were reported in 2007, and silicon-based Brillouin lasing was also demonstrated in 2018 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…W ith explosive data generation, the accompanying demand for an increasingly high data transmission rate between chips is pushing copper wire to its limit. 1,2 To overcome this problem, the silicon photonic chip has emerged as a star alternative, and it is believed that such a photonic chip will revolutionize optical interconnections with its complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible fabrication process. 3−7 Despite the significant advances in passive components such as waveguides, modulators, and detectors, its decisive success suffers greatly from the lack of a CMOS-compatible monolithic light source due to the indirect bandgap nature of silicon and germanium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge-Emitting Silicon Nanocrystal Distributed Feedback Laser with Extremely Low Exciton Threshold

et al. 2021

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The successful integration of a laser into the silicon photonic chip has long been the holy grail of silicon photonics. Among the various methods addressing this challenge, silicon nanocrystal (Si NC) lasers remain a tempting but debated topic due to their complex carrier recombination process. Here we demonstrate an optically pumped edge-emitting first-order distributed feedback Si NC laser by utilizing a versatile nanoimprint lithography method incorporating a composite working stamp. Upon femtosecond pulsed laser pumping, we find that the lasing threshold in exciton number per NC down to 0.021 is unusually low compared with other quantum dot gain materials. To understand this interesting behavior, we have performed systematic transient spectrum experiments on its photoluminescence and transient absorption aimed at revealing the role of selftrapping states in the carrier recombination process. Our results suggest that such states in well passivated Si NCs can be regarded as metastable states that intercept hot electrons and with a time delay, release them back to the conduction band, acting like electron reservoirs that continuously feed the active lasing state as its upper levels. In this perspective, we conclude that the surface states can benefit the buildup of population inversion and lead to inhibition of the Auger process as they temporarily localize the hot electrons outside the NC core and have verified our conclusion by numerical and experimental results, respectively. Our results provide critical information on processes related to Si NC lasing and will aid attempts at Si lasers on-chip.

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Fast Wavelength-Tunable Lasers on Silicon

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Arrow

Arrow

AgileDCN: An Agile Reconfigurable Optical Data Center Network Architecture

Edge-Emitting Silicon Nanocrystal Distributed Feedback Laser with Extremely Low Exciton Threshold

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