Fast redox switching of polypyrrole films on ultramicroelectrodes

Abrantes, L.M.; Mesquita, José Carlos; Kalaji, M.; Peter, Laurence M.

doi:10.1016/0022-0728(91)85555-4

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…With the help of a fast potentiostat and the use of ultramicroelectrodes, it was possible to obtain fast kinetic information about the redox behavior of conducting polymer films [12] and their electropolymerization mechanism [13]. It was also found, that, ultramicroelectrodes coated with poly(aniline) [14] could be switched between its redox states more rapidly than has previously reported. In this work we have electrochemically deposited poly(3-methlthiophene) on a Pt microelectrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Electrochemistry and Characterization of Some Organic Molecules at “Microsize” Conducting Polymer Electrodes

Galal

1998

Electroanalysis

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Poly(3-methylthiophene) is electrochemically deposited on platinum microsize substrate. Two methods are used for the electropolymerization including applying constant potential of 1.65 V to 1.75 V, or cycling the working electrode between two potential limits from ¹0.2 V to 1.65-1.80 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The resulting conducting polymer electrode is used for the determination of some organic molecules of biological interest. The resolution of the voltammetric peaks obtained for the determination of a mixture of three components analyte is a function of the method used for electrodeposition of the polymer film. The electrochemical data obtained at the microsize conducting polymer electrode are compared to those obtained at ''conventional''-size polymer electrodes. The morphology of the microsize polymer electrode is examined using scanning electron microscopy. The data suggest great promise for using microsize polymer electrodes as electrochemical sensor for biomedical applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Electrochemistry and Characterization of Some Organic Molecules at “Microsize” Conducting Polymer Electrodes

Galal

1998

Electroanalysis

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“…Many investigations have been performed to study their preparation, characterization, and applications as electrical and electro-optical materials . A characteristic feature for thin film electrochromic display applications is their intrinsic switching time, that is, between insulating and conducting states under electrochemical conditions . Since conductivity depends on electrolyte anion doping, which in turn is potential dependent, the electrode potential becomes important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Surface Morphologies of Electropolymerized Polymethylsiloxane Network Polypyrrole and Comonomer Films

2002

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The electropolymerization of polysiloxane-functionalized pyrrole or poly(methyl-(undec-pyrrole-1-yldecyl)-siloxane), to form conjugated network polymer films, is described. The "precursor polypyrrole" was electropolymerized using dynamic cyclic voltammetry (CV) on a flat conducting substrate electrode, resulting in cross-linked polypyrrole films. Unique "nanoscale" morphologies were formed because of phase-segregation of polysiloxane domains and cross-linked polypyrrole, depending on the thickness and electrochemical conditions. By electropolymerizing the precursor polymer in-situ with pyrrole comonomers, the morphology changes with composition ratio. The film properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), FT-IR, UV-vis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface plasmon spectroscopy (SPS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The precursor method extends the possibility of tailoring film properties of polypyrrole and other conjugated polymers. Interesting insights on the electrochemical properties of cross-linked electrodeposited conjugated polymer films are discussed.

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“…This unusual behavior, together with the knowledge that at −1.5 V the bipyridyl centers are addressed, is in good agreement with a mechanism of immediate access to the backbone via the metallic centers, "electronic gate behavior", rather than a nucleation and propagation mechanism as has been proposed for doping of common π-conjugated polymers. 19,24,25 Differences between P 4 and P 4 Ru's charge transport mechanisms have also been highlighted by Lafolet et al 18 The authors have established that transport in P 4 is limited to polarons, while both polarons and bipolarons are formed during doping of the "ruthenated" polymer.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Similar to polyaniline (Pani) and polypyrrole (Ppy) films, discharge of the nonmetalated polymer P 4 (i.e., transition from doped, conducting, state to neutral nonconducting state; recorded at approximately 13 s) proceeded at a much faster rate than the (negative) doping step (induced at T 0 ), resulting in asymmetric current transients that resembled those recorded before, during switching of polyaniline 24 and polypyrrole 25 films. In those studies, the current transients reported during the potential switching from insulating to conducting states were analyzed in the same manner to the analysis previously performed on the formation of two-dimensional insoluble phases (electrocrystallization) on mercury electrodes in which peripheral expansion and subsequent overlap of cylindrical growth centers occur.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Not only was the polymer switched at a potential where its organic homologue is not rendered conductive, but the overlap between the charging process and doping is indicative of the shorter time-scale of the doping process, suggesting that as the working electrode potential was switched, the polymer was quickly addressed via the metallic centers. This unusual behavior, together with the knowledge that at −1.5 V the bipyridyl centers are addressed, is in good agreement with a mechanism of immediate access to the backbone via the metallic centers, “electronic gate behavior”, rather than a nucleation and propagation mechanism as has been proposed for doping of common π-conjugated polymers. ,, …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Amperometric Analysis of Ru π-Conjugated Polymers: Prospective Co-Supports for Enantioselective Ru Catalysts

Tito

Klusoň

2016

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Subtractively normalized interfacial Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (SNIFTIRS) and electrochemical monitoring demonstrated how insertion of Os or Ru bipyridyl substituents into the backbone of regioregular polythiophenes provided low energy access to the polymer backbone. The good coordination between the polymeric backbone and the metal complex effectively enables delocalization of charge across the polymeric structure, while the metallic centers act as "electronic gates" (during MLCT) or "hole injectors" (during LMCT) thus enabling the polymers to be redox switched (and hence rendered conductive) at lower potentials, and at faster rate, than their unsubstituted counterparts.

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Fast redox switching of polypyrrole films on ultramicroelectrodes

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Electrochemistry and Characterization of Some Organic Molecules at “Microsize” Conducting Polymer Electrodes

Electrochemistry and Characterization of Some Organic Molecules at “Microsize” Conducting Polymer Electrodes

Distinct Surface Morphologies of Electropolymerized Polymethylsiloxane Network Polypyrrole and Comonomer Films

Amperometric Analysis of Ru π-Conjugated Polymers: Prospective Co-Supports for Enantioselective Ru Catalysts

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