Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass for Energy and Chemicals: Technologies at Various Scales

This paper tries to assess process yields by performing conventional pyrolysis at an elevated pressure of energy sorghum using a high-pressure batch reactor and evaluates the corresponding product characteristics, respectively. Pyrolysis was performed at 6.9 bar (100 psi) at different temperatures from 400 to 600°C with heating rates of 4°C/min. The changes in temperature did not affect the product distribution but significantly affected product characteristics. The H/C molar ratio of bio-oil is at 1.51 while the O/C molar ratio was six times lower than the O/C molar ratio of the sorghum biomass (0.11 vs. 0.67). About 50 % of the bio-oil is composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons (i.e., alkanes and alkenes) and aromatic compounds (i.e., phenolic and benzene derivatives). The carbon distribution lies between C 8 and C 44 while the distribution of straight chain alkanes exhibited a maximum in the range of C 8 to C 21 , which is found to be in the range of gasoline and diesel fuels. The product bio-char from sorghum biomass is a carbon-rich material with C concentrations of 49 to 52 %wt and was classified under the low-to medium-volatile bituminous coal group according to ASTM standard D388. Lastly, the produced non-condensable gas consisted mainly of CH 4 and CO 2 with small amounts of CO, H 2 , and C 2 H 6 .

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“…The gross heating value (HHV) obtained in this study is significantly higher than the ones reported in literature [26]. …”

Section: Bio-oil Characteristicscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Energy sorghum pyrolysis using a pressurized batch reactor

Santos

Capareda

2015

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…Detailed descriptions of the RCR fast pyrolysis setup and the applied experimental conditions have been previously reported. 31 …”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Comparison of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oils from Pinewood, Rapeseed Cake, and Wheat Straw Using ¹³C NMR and Comprehensive GC × GC

Negahdar

Gonzalez‐Quiroga

Otyuskaya

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

124

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Fast pyrolysis bio-oils are feasible energy carriers and a potential source of chemicals. Detailed characterization of bio-oils is essential to further develop its potential use. In this study, quantitative 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) was used to characterize fast pyrolysis bio-oils originated from pinewood, wheat straw, and rapeseed cake. The combination of both techniques provided new information on the chemical composition of bio-oils for further upgrading. 13C NMR analysis indicated that pinewood-based bio-oil contained mostly methoxy/hydroxyl (≈30%) and carbohydrate (≈27%) carbons; wheat straw bio-oil showed to have high amount of alkyl (≈35%) and aromatic (≈30%) carbons, while rapeseed cake-based bio-oil had great portions of alkyl carbons (≈82%). More than 200 compounds were identified and quantified using GC × GC coupled to a flame ionization detector (FID) and a time of flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS). Nonaromatics were the most abundant and comprised about 50% of the total mass of compounds identified and quantified via GC × GC. In addition, this analytical approach allowed the quantification of high value-added phenolic compounds, as well as of low molecular weight carboxylic acids and aldehydes, which exacerbate the unstable and corrosive character of the bio-oil.

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“…In slow pyrolysis charcoal or biochar is produced (temperature ∼300 • C, reaction time of hours). In fast pyrolysis (t • 400-500 • C, reaction time of minutes or seconds) and flash pyrolysis (t • >700 • C, reaction time of fractions of a second) mainly a liquid bio-oil is formed [49]. All pyrolysis products (char, oil, gas) can be used for the generation of heat and power.…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dark-brown mobile liquid produced by fast pyrolysis can serve as an intermediate for a wide variety of applications. Clean-up, conditioning, and stabilization of the bio-oil are necessary to convert it into a product suitable for delivery to a petroleum refinery or future biorefinery, where it can be further upgraded to renewable biofuels (diesel, ethanol, bio jet fuel) and chemicals [49,50]. Pyrolysis offers the possibility of decoupling liquid fuel production from energy production by converting the biomass into a liquid with increased energy content that can be easily stored and transported and that has a more consistent (and specified) quality compared to the solid biomass.…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion Technologies for the Production of Liquid Fuels and Biochemicals

Dobbelaere¹,

Anthonis²,

Soetaert³

2014

Cellulosic Energy Cropping Systems

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Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass for Energy and Chemicals: Technologies at Various Scales

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Energy sorghum pyrolysis using a pressurized batch reactor

Energy sorghum pyrolysis using a pressurized batch reactor

Characterization and Comparison of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oils from Pinewood, Rapeseed Cake, and Wheat Straw Using ¹³C NMR and Comprehensive GC × GC

Conversion Technologies for the Production of Liquid Fuels and Biochemicals

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Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass for Energy and Chemicals: Technologies at Various Scales

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Energy sorghum pyrolysis using a pressurized batch reactor

Energy sorghum pyrolysis using a pressurized batch reactor

Characterization and Comparison of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oils from Pinewood, Rapeseed Cake, and Wheat Straw Using 13C NMR and Comprehensive GC × GC

Conversion Technologies for the Production of Liquid Fuels and Biochemicals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Characterization and Comparison of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oils from Pinewood, Rapeseed Cake, and Wheat Straw Using ¹³C NMR and Comprehensive GC × GC