Fast neutron spectrometry with organic scintillators applied to magnetic fusion experiments

Kaschuck, Yu. A.; Esposito, B.; Trykov, L.A.; Semenov, V. E.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(01)01499-1

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Our calculations and results are directly applicable to neutron emission spectrometers installed on other machines as long as the instrumental response functions are available. These include time-of-flight spectrometers on EAST 11 and LHD 12 , and compact spectrometers on EAST 13 , FTU 14 and TCV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velocity-space sensitivities of neutron emission spectrometers at the tokamaks JET and ASDEX Upgrade in deuterium plasmas

Jacobsen

Binda

Cazzaniga

et al. 2017

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Future fusion reactors are foreseen to be heated by the energetic alpha particles produced in fusion reactions. For this to happen, it is important that the energetic ions are sufficiently confined. In present day fusion experiments, energetic ions are primarily produced using external heating systems such as neutral beam injection and ion cyclotron resonance heating. In order to diagnose these fast ions, several different fast-ion diagnostics have been developed and implemented at the various experiments around the world. The velocity-space sensitivities of fast-ion diagnostics are given by so-called weight functions. Here instrument-specific weight functions are derived for neutron emission spectrometry detectors at the tokamaks JET and ASDEX Upgrade, for the 2.45 MeV neutrons produced in deuterium-deuterium reactions in deuterium plasmas. Using these it is possible to directly determine which part of velocity space each detector observes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velocity-space sensitivities of neutron emission spectrometers at the tokamaks JET and ASDEX Upgrade in deuterium plasmas

Jacobsen

Binda

Cazzaniga

et al. 2017

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…If the PSD performance of SiPMs matched that of PMTs, SiPMs could present a viable alternative to PMTs in applications where PSD performance is critical. PSD-capable organic scintillators are used in a variety of applications, including nonproliferation and safeguards applications [19][20][21], fusion experiments [22], and geological studies [23]. This work investigates the PSD performance of stilbene read-out with the new generation of SiPMs and compares it to the performance of the previous SiPM generation and a fast PMT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse shape discrimination performance of stilbene coupled to low-noise silicon photomultipliers

Ruch

Flaska

Pozzi

2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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a b s t r a c tPulse shape discrimination (PSD) techniques can be used to discern between neutron and gamma-ray interactions in certain organic scintillators. Traditionally, photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) have been used in organic-scintillator assemblies. However, silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have great potential to be used in many applications in which PMTs have been predominantly used, including those utilizing PSD techniques. To evaluate the current state of the art of the SiPM technology, SensL's 6-mm B-Series and CSeries SiPMs were compared to a fast Hamamatsu PMT in conjunction with a 6 Â 6 Â 6-mm 3 stilbene organic scintillator to assess the PSD performance of the detector assemblies. Measurements with a Cf-252 source were performed and a figure of merit (FOM) for discriminating between neutron and gamma-ray pulses between 100 keVee and 200 keVee was calculated for each assembly. A digital charge-integration PSD technique was used to process all measured data. The FOM for the B-Series SiPM, PMT, and C-Series SiPM was 1.37, 1.93, and 2.13, respectively. The C-Series SiPM was shown to perform as well as the PMT in the experiments.

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“…The neutron flux on the detector, determined using a calibrated NE213 liquid scintillator and knowing both the solid angle between the target and the detector and the detector active area, was kept constant at about 10 6 n/s. The NE213 scintillator, calibrated and provided by the FNG facility, is employed in order to discriminate between neutrons and background gamma rays [18]- [19]. Figure 10 shows the result of this measurement.…”

Section: Ngem Neutron Efficiency Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

nGEM neutron diagnostic concept for high power deuterium beams

et al. 2012

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The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 kV negative H/D RF source, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam injector. Detection of fusion neutrons will be used as a means to resolve the horizontal beam intensity profile. The neutron detection system will be placed right behind the SPIDER beam dump, as close to the neutron emitting surface as possible thus providing the map of the neutron emission on the beam dump surface. The system uses nGEM neutron detectors. These are Gas Electron Multiplier detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter foil. The cathode is designed to ensure that most of the detected neutrons at a point of the nGEM surface are emitted from the corresponding 40 × 22 mm 2 beamlet footprint on the dump front surface. The nGEM readout pads (area 20 × 22 mm 2 ) will record a useful count rate of 5 kHz providing a time resolution of temporal structures in the neutron fluency rate to be measured

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Fast neutron spectrometry with organic scintillators applied to magnetic fusion experiments

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Velocity-space sensitivities of neutron emission spectrometers at the tokamaks JET and ASDEX Upgrade in deuterium plasmas

Velocity-space sensitivities of neutron emission spectrometers at the tokamaks JET and ASDEX Upgrade in deuterium plasmas

Pulse shape discrimination performance of stilbene coupled to low-noise silicon photomultipliers

nGEM neutron diagnostic concept for high power deuterium beams

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