Fast Inter-Mode Selection in the H.264/AVC Standard Using a Hierarchical Decision Process

Yu, Andy C.; Martin, Graham R.; Park, Heechan

doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2007.913970

Cited by 51 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although by only considering two different encoders we cannot claim that this approach is truly generic, we believe that the relationship between block size and loss impact also holds for other, reasonably efficient encoder implementations. Additionally, we refer to [31] and [32] where the authors came to similar conclusions. Based on this assumption, we define by mapping the type of a macroblock to the appropriately scaled mean value of the respective entries from both tables.…”

Section: A Design Ofmentioning

confidence: 70%

Optimizing Selective ARQ for H.264 Live Streaming: A Novel Method for Predicting Loss-Impact in Real Time

Schier

Welzl

2012

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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Abstract-This work proposes a quality-oriented, real-time capable prioritization technique for media units of H.264/AVC video streams. The derivation of estimates is based on the analysis of the macroblock partitioning, the spatial extents of temporal dependencies, and the length and strength of prediction chains existing among macroblocks, thus incorporating the expected impact of error propagation. It is demonstrated how the prioritization scheme can be beneficially integrated into live streaming systems which are characterized by tight timing constraints, with the focus on content-aware selective automatic repeat request mechanisms. Additionally, it is shown how potentially limited feedback can be used to adapt the estimation process to leverage prediction preciseness. The approach is compared against existing techniques in terms of practicability and efficiency, and tested under independent and bursty loss conditions in a wired and a wireless test setup. Moreover, the performance is examined when low-latency and constant bitrate video settings are enforced by using x264's novel encoding feature periodic-intra-refresh. Results of both experiments and simulations indicate that the proposed technique outperforms all reference techniques in nearly all test cases, and that the video quality can be further improved by incorporating receiver feedback.Index Terms-End-to-end distortion modeling, error propagation, H.264/AVC, live video streaming, packet loss, selective automatic repeat request (ARQ).

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Section: A Design Ofmentioning

confidence: 70%

Optimizing Selective ARQ for H.264 Live Streaming: A Novel Method for Predicting Loss-Impact in Real Time

Schier

Welzl

2012

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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“…CBF indicates the complexity of the predicted error under specific quantization parameters (QP). As discussed in [11][12][13][14][15], these features are correlated with CU partitioning. CU depth information of the context [8], denoted as x sl , x sa , and x tp .…”

Section: Feature Selectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In [13,14], distribution of MV in an MB was chosen as a feature to predict the optimal mode other than performing exhaustive search over all modes. A hierarchical algorithm proposed in [15] categorized all type of modes into three levels which were triggered on by evaluating SAD (which is between current MB and its co-located MB), high-frequency energy in DCT domain, and RD cost of mode P-8 × 8. In [16], a fast mode decision algorithm named motion activity-based mode decision was proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CU splitting early termination based on weighted SVM

Shen

2013

J Image Video Proc

136

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High efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the latest video coding standard that has been developed by JCT-VC. It employs plenty of efficient coding algorithms (e.g., highly flexible quad-tree coding block partitioning), and outperforms H.264/AVC by 35-43% bitrate reduction. However, it imposes enormous computational complexity on encoder due to the optimization processing in the efficient coding tools, especially the rate distortion optimization on coding unit (CU), prediction unit, and transform unit. In this article, we propose a CU splitting early termination algorithm to reduce the heavy computational burden on encoder. CU splitting is modeled as a binary classification problem, on which a support vector machine (SVM) is applied. In order to reduce the impact of outliers as well as to maintain the RD performance while a misclassification occurs, RD loss due to misclassification is introduced as weights in SVM training. Efficient and representative features are extracted and optimized by a wrapper approach to eliminate dependency on video content as well as on encoding configurations. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve about 44.7% complexity reduction on average with only 1.35% BD-rate increase under the "random access" configuration, and 41.9% time saving with 1.66% BD-rate increase under the "low delay" setting, compared with the HEVC reference software.

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“…Furthermore, a modified Langrangian cost function [21], composed of the distortion, the motions, and the required header, eliminates entirely the entropy coding in the decision process. Another popular approach in fast mode selection is the so-called early termination [22]- [28]. For example, the sophisticated mode search can be eased by constructing hierarchically multiple termination criteria covering large to small block partitions [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another popular approach in fast mode selection is the so-called early termination [22]- [28]. For example, the sophisticated mode search can be eased by constructing hierarchically multiple termination criteria covering large to small block partitions [22]. In [23] and [24], they theoretically study the sufficient conditions in detecting all-zero blocks to reject small partition modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Bi-Directional Prediction Selection in H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Temporal Scalable Video Coding

Lin

Hang

Peng

2011

IEEE Trans. on Image Process.

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Abstract-In this paper, we propose a fast algorithm that efficiently selects the temporal prediction type for the dyadic hierarchical-B prediction structure in the H.264/MPEG-4 temporal scalable video coding (SVC). We make use of the strong correlations in prediction type inheritance to eliminate the superfluous computations for the bi-directional (BI) prediction in the finer partitions, , by referring to the best temporal prediction type of 16 16. In addition, we carefully examine the relationship in motion bit-rate costs and distortions between the BI and the uni-directional temporal prediction types. As a result, we construct a set of adaptive thresholds to remove the unnecessary BI calculations. Moreover, for the block partitions smaller than 8 8, either the forward prediction (FW) or the backward prediction (BW) is skipped based upon the information of their 8 8 partitions. Hence, the proposed schemes can efficiently reduce the extensive computational burden in calculating the BI prediction. As compared to the JSVM 9.11 software, our method saves the encoding time from 48% to 67% for a large variety of test videos over a wide range of coding bit-rates and has only a minor coding performance loss.Index Terms-Bi-directional prediction, bi-directionally predictive frame, encoder optimization, hierarchical prediction structure, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC scalable video coding, temporal scalability.

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Fast Inter-Mode Selection in the H.264/AVC Standard Using a Hierarchical Decision Process

Cited by 51 publications

References 18 publications

Optimizing Selective ARQ for H.264 Live Streaming: A Novel Method for Predicting Loss-Impact in Real Time

Optimizing Selective ARQ for H.264 Live Streaming: A Novel Method for Predicting Loss-Impact in Real Time

CU splitting early termination based on weighted SVM

Fast Bi-Directional Prediction Selection in H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Temporal Scalable Video Coding

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