Fast hydrothermal liquefaction of a Norwegian macro-alga: Screening tests

Bach, Quang‐Vu; Sillero, Miguel Valcuende; Tran, Khanh-Quang; Skjermo, Jorunn

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2014.05.009

Cited by 109 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The yield of bio-oil from macroalgae hydrothermal liquefaction has been reported as up to 23% [15,24] with an energy recovery from the original macroalgal biomass of 63% for Laminaria saccharina [122] and 56% for Enteromorpha prolifera [15]. However, hydrothermal liquefaction of Laminaria saccharina with high heating rates (585 °C·min −1 ) up to 350 °C led to 79% yield [131]. Hydrothermal liquefaction of Oedogonium and Cladophora, freshwater macroalgae, gave 26% and 20%, respectively, bio-crude yield per dry mass, higher than marine macroalgae with Derbesia giving 20% yield, though this led to less bio-char than the freshwater macroalgae species [124].…”

Section: Hydrothermal Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroalgae-Derived Biofuel: A Review of Methods of Energy Extraction from Seaweed Biomass

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The potential of algal biomass as a source of liquid and gaseous biofuels is a highly topical theme, but as yet there is no successful economically viable commercial system producing biofuel. However, the majority of the research has focused on producing fuels from microalgae rather than from macroalgae. This article briefly reviews the methods by which useful energy may be extracted from macroalgae biomass including: direct combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, trans-esterification to biodiesel, hydrothermal liquefaction, fermentation to bioethanol, fermentation to biobutanol and anaerobic digestion, and explores technical and engineering difficulties that remain to be resolved.

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Section: Hydrothermal Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroalgae-Derived Biofuel: A Review of Methods of Energy Extraction from Seaweed Biomass

et al. 2014

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“…One of the major limitations of using macroalgae to produce biofuels is their high ash content (up to 50%), which reduces the yield and quality of the generated bio-oils and restricts their use in direct combustion and gasification processes (Bach et al, 2014;Neveux et al, 2014). The high ash content of macroalgae is due to the presence of inorganic salts and metals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High ash content in macroalgae can bring additional challenges to the catalytic refining of biofuel such as decrease in catalyst activities, poisoning, and coking (Bach et al, 2014;Neveux et al, 2014). It is reported that alkali and alkali earth metals present in lignocellulosic feedstocks inactivated the catalysts used in the downstream upgrading processes of bio-oil (Liu and Bi, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demineralization of Sargassum spp. Macroalgae Biomass: Selective Hydrothermal Liquefaction Process for Bio-Oil Production

et al. 2015

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Algae biomasses are considered a viable option for the production of biofuel because of their high yields of oil produced per dry weight. Brown macroalgae Sargassum spp. are one of the most abundant species of algae in the shores of Puerto Rico. Its availability in large quantity presents a great opportunity for use as a source of renewable energy. However, high ash content of macroalgae affects the conversion processes and the quality of resulting fuel products. This research studied the effect of different demineralization treatments of Sargassum spp. biomass, subsequent hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), and bio-oil characterization. Demineralization constituted five different treatments: nanopure water, nitric acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid. Performance of demineralization was evaluated by analyzing both demineralized biomass and HTL products by the following analyses: total carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, ash content, caloric content, metals analysis, Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and GCMS analysis. HTL of Sargassum spp. before and after citric acid treatment was performed in a 1.8 L batch reactor system at 350°C with a holding time of 60 min and high pressures (5-21 MPa). Demineralization treatment with nitric acid was found the most effective in reducing the ash content of the macroalgae biomass from 27.46 to 0.99% followed by citric acid treatment that could reduce the ash content to 7%. Citric acid did not show significant leaching of organic components such as carbohydrates and proteins, and represented a less toxic and hazardous option for demineralization. HTL of untreated and citric acid treated Sargassum spp. resulted in bio-oil yields of 18.4 0.1 and 22.2 0.1% (ash-free dry basis), respectively. ± ±

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“…Nonetheless, if some of the seaweed production can be converted to useful chemical products such as hydrocolloids/phycocolloids, alginate, agar, and carrageenan as thickening and gelling agents in food and biochemical industries, biofuels, and biochar (Turan and Neori 2011;Roberts et al 2015) and thus avoid the use of fossil fuels, mitigation of CO 2 emissions can be achieved indirectly. Some reports suggest that macroalgae could be a useful source of such chemicals using techniques such as fast hydrothermal liquefaction (Bach et al 2014). Other possible approaches include anaerobic digestion for methane production (Nkemka and Murto, 2010) or fermentation for bioethanol (Yanagisawa et al 2013;Adams et al 2015).…”

Section: Seaweeds and Sabs Capabilities In Co 2 Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide mitigation potential of seaweed aquaculture beds (SABs)

et al. 2016

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Seaweed aquaculture beds (SABs) that support the production of seaweed and their diverse products, cover extensive coastal areas, especially in the Asian-Pacific region, and provide many ecosystem services such as nutrient removal and CO 2 assimilation. The use of SABs in potential carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) mitigation efforts has been proposed with commercial seaweed production in China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam, and is at a nascent stage in Australia and New Zealand. We attempted to consider the total annual potential of SABs to drawdown and fix anthropogenic CO 2 . In the last decade, seaweed production has increased tremendously in the Asian-Pacific region. In 2014, the total annual production of Asian-Pacific SABs surpassed 2.61 × 10 6 t dw. Total carbon accumulated annually was more than 0.78 × 10 6 t y −1 , equivalent to over 2.87 × 10 6 t CO 2 y −1 . By increasing the area available for SABs, biomass production, carbon accumulation, and CO 2 drawdown can be enhanced. The conversion of biomass to biofuel can reduce the use of fossil fuels and provide additional mitigation of CO 2 emissions. Contributions

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Fast hydrothermal liquefaction of a Norwegian macro-alga: Screening tests

Cited by 109 publications

References 30 publications

Macroalgae-Derived Biofuel: A Review of Methods of Energy Extraction from Seaweed Biomass

Macroalgae-Derived Biofuel: A Review of Methods of Energy Extraction from Seaweed Biomass

Demineralization of Sargassum spp. Macroalgae Biomass: Selective Hydrothermal Liquefaction Process for Bio-Oil Production

Carbon dioxide mitigation potential of seaweed aquaculture beds (SABs)

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