Fast growth of monocrystalline thin films of 2D layered hybrid perovskite

Abstract

:During the past few years hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have attracted much interest as solution-processed semiconductors with high potentialities in optoelectronics and photovoltaics. On the one hand 3D HOIPs such as CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 have shown their outstanding performances when incorporated in solar cells [1]. On the other hand their 2D layered counterparts such as (C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 (PEPI) are promising materials for light emitting devices because of their strong emission at room temperature [2]. However, the optoelectronic properties of hybrid perovskite polycrystalline films suffer from a microscale grain structure. In order to take advantage of the great potential of these materials for both photovoltaïcs and emitting devices, the synthesis of large monocrystalline films is a key issue. Here we propose a fast crystallization method for the 2D layered hybrid perovskite PEPI. A vapor-assisted process coupled with a capping of the precursor solution allows to grow 2-dimensionnal thin films with millimetric monocrystalline grains, a high aspect ratio and a good surface quality (Fig.1). Moreover, this growth is several orders of magnitudes faster than the other reported techniques. In addition, we highlight the benefits of using γ-butyrolactone (GBL) for the growth of layered perovskites monocrystalline grains.

Tunable Out-of-Plane Excitons in 2D Single-Crystal Perovskites

“…We produce large thin crystals of 2D hybrid perovskite by an Anti-solvent Vapor assisted Crystallization method recently reported 22 and subsequent mechanical exfoliation. We synthesize three different layered perovskites changing the organic precursors: we select two alkyl cations, butylammonium (C 4 H 9 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 (BAI), and octylammonium (C 8 H 17 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 (OCT), having different chain lengths in order to tune the distance between the inorganic layers; in addition we introduce an aromatic moiety, phenethylammonium (C 6 H 5 (CH 2 ) 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 (PEAI), to investigate its effect on the exciton-photon coupling.…”

Recent Advances in Halide Perovskite Single‐Crystal Thin Films: Fabrication Methods and Optoelectronic Applications

“…Copyright 2016, Wiley‐VCH. (e,f) Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, The Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

“…Carrying out antisolvent vapor diffusion crystallization in a confined space is also apt for the growth of single‐crystal perovskite thin films, especially for 2D perovskites. For example, Deleporte et al fabricated single‐crystal (C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 thin films with lateral sizes up to 1 cm and thickness as low as one micrometer through the diffusion of dichloromethane vapor into a solution of PbI 2 and C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 I in GBL over 30 min (Figure e and f) . Such a facile method possesses high compatibility and can potentially be applied to the growth of other halide single‐crystal perovskite thin films.…”

Photoinduced Trap Passivation for Enhanced Photoluminescence in 2D Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites

“…(PEA) 2 PbI 4 monocrystalline films were synthesized using an antisolvent vapor‐assisted capping crystallization method . After that, the 2D perovskite flakes were mechanically exfoliated onto polydimethylsiloxane substrates with a scotch tape.…”