Fast growth involves high dependence on stored resources in seedlings of Mediterranean evergreen trees

Uscola, Mercedes; Villar-Salvador, Pedro; Gross, Patrick; Maillard, Pascale

doi:10.1093/aob/mcv019

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Thus, in the evergreen conifer Pinus sylvestris, remobilization of N, K and Mg supplied 83, 82 and 52 %, respectively of new shoot growth demand of these nutrients (Proe et al 2000). Similarly, remobilized N contributed to early root growth in four evergreen species more than current uptake of soil N (Uscola et al 2015).…”

Section: New Forestsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In contrast, around 70 % of NSC was partitioned to roots in broadleaf evergreen Quercus species. Variation among functional groups in N and NSC partitioning mostly reflects differences in mass partitioning such as reported for winter C partitioning in seedlings of Mediterranean evergreen species (Uscola et al 2015). For instance, Quercus species have large tap roots and consequently, relatively more reserves are allocated to coarse roots.…”

Section: Nature and Distribution Of Nsc And N In Seedlings Of Woody Pmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, some organs such as leaves in evergreens might act as priority storage sites, i.e. they contain more stored NSC or N than predicted from their size (Uscola et al 2015). Specific adaptive traits can modify this general trend.…”

Section: Nature and Distribution Of Nsc And N In Seedlings Of Woody Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, in two broadleaf evergreen trees and one evergreen conifer, stored C made up [65 % of total C in new fine roots during early spring (Uscola et al 2015). However, for deciduous trees in which new roots resume elongation before budburst (Riedacker 1976), initial new root and shoot growth relies completely on stored NSC (Dyckmans and Flessa 2002;Vizoso et al 2008).…”

Section: New Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, very often these sources do not meet plant demand because resources have been reduced by competition (Malik and Timmer 1996) or abiotic factors limit their availability in the environment such as extreme soil temperatures or drought (Millard and Grelet 2010). Moreover, main plant functions frequently occur simultaneously (for instance growth and reproduction or concomitantly growth of plant organs), imposing a strong resource demand that plants usually cannot meet by current uptake of external nutrients (Uscola et al 2015). In these cases, plants rely on stored compounds, which are mobilized to supplement external resources and fulfill plant demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of stored carbohydrates and nitrogen in the growth and stress tolerance of planted forest trees

2015

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Plants store compounds that supplement external resources to maintain primary functions. We reviewed the role of stored non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and nitrogen (N) in juvenile woody species for spring growth and cold and drought stress tolerance, which are crucial processes for early performance of forest plantations. Plant functional types differed in NSC and N partitioning and allocation to new growth. In general, however, new leaves/shoots were more enriched in remobilized resources than new fine roots. Conifers used less remobilized resources than broadleaf species for fine root growth. New shoots/leaves were mostly comprised of remobilized N ([60 %) in conifers and broadleaf deciduous species, while broadleaf evergreens relied more on soil N (\50 % remobilized N). In contrast, few differences among functional groups existed in the contribution of remobilized carbon (C) to new leaves/shoots, which comprised 28-45 % of stored C reflecting the importance of current photosynthesis and distinctions in C and N remobilization physiology. The amount of N remobilized by an organ was positively related to its contribution to seedling N content. However, leaves are priority N sources in evergreens, which remobilized more N than predicted by their contribution to seedling N content. In contrast, roots in broadleaf evergreens and conifers were poor contributors of remobilized N. Under low stress, spring growth has little effect on NSC reserves. However, prolonged and intense photosynthesis depression strongly reduces NSC. In contrast, N reserves usually decline after planting and their replenishment takes longer than for NSC reserves. Strong storage reduction can hinder seedling stress acclimation and survival capacity. Resource storage can be promoted in the nursery by arresting plant growth and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (supplying resources at a higher rate than seedling growth and maintenance rate. We conclude that the way in which woody plants manage stored resources drives their growth and stress tolerance. However, plant functional types differ in storage physiology, which should be considered in silvicultural management.

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Section: New Forestsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Nature and Distribution Of Nsc And N In Seedlings Of Woody Pmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Nature and Distribution Of Nsc And N In Seedlings Of Woody Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: New Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of stored carbohydrates and nitrogen in the growth and stress tolerance of planted forest trees

2015

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Climate and species stress resistance modulate the higher survival of large seedlings in forest restorations worldwide

Andivia

Villar-Salvador

Oliet

et al. 2021

Ecological Applications

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Seedling planting plays a key role in active forest restoration and regeneration of managed stands. Plant attributes at outplanting can determine tree seedling survival and consequently early success of forest plantations. Although many studies show that large seedlings of the same age within a species have higher survival than small ones, others report the opposite. This may be due to differences in environmental conditions at the planting site and in the inherent functional characteristics of species. Here, we conducted a global-scale meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of seedling size on early outplanting survival. Our meta-analysis covered 86 tree species and 142 planting locations distributed worldwide. We also assessed whether planting site aridity and key plant functional traits related to abiotic and biotic stress resistance and growth capacity, namely specific leaf area and wood density, modulate this effect. Planting large seedlings within a species consistently increases survival in forest plantations worldwide. Species' functional traits modulate the magnitude of the positive seedling size-outplanting survival relationship, showing contrasting effects due to aridity and between angiosperms and gymnosperms. For angiosperms planted in arid/semiarid sites and gymnosperms in subhumid/ humid sites the magnitude of the positive effect of seedling size on survival was maximized in species with low specific leaf area and high wood density, characteristics linked to high stress resistance and slow growth. By contrast, high specific leaf area and low wood density maximized the positive effect of seedling size on survival for angiosperms planted in subhumid/humid sites. Results have key implications for implementing forest plantations globally, especially for adjusting nursery cultivation to species' functional characteristics and planting site aridity. Nursery cultivation should promote large seedlings, especially for stress sensitive angiosperms planted in humid sites and for stress-resistant species planted in dry sites.

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The Nitrogen Effects on Growth and Development of Morphological Parameters of “Argania Spinosa L. skeel” Tree Seedlings

Farhoune

Cherkaoui

2023

International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development

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Fast growth involves high dependence on stored resources in seedlings of Mediterranean evergreen trees

Abstract: Seedlings of Mediterranean evergreen trees have distinct C and N storage physiologies, with relative growth rate driving the contribution of remobilized resources to new growth. These differences may reduce competition and facilitate species coexistence.

Cited by 39 publications

References 60 publications

The role of stored carbohydrates and nitrogen in the growth and stress tolerance of planted forest trees

The role of stored carbohydrates and nitrogen in the growth and stress tolerance of planted forest trees

Climate and species stress resistance modulate the higher survival of large seedlings in forest restorations worldwide

The Nitrogen Effects on Growth and Development of Morphological Parameters of “Argania Spinosa L. skeel” Tree Seedlings

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