SynopsisSystematic studies of operational variables affecting GPC separation using p-Styragel of nominal porosity 106, lo5, lo4, and lo3 8, are reported. The dependences of (1) flow rate, (2) injection volume, and (3) concentration on elution volume ( V e ) , the theoretical plate number ( N ) , and peak width at half-height were examined. The values of V , changed with changing (l), (2), and (3). The values of N were inversely proportional t o the root of flow rate. The relation between sample load and N showed that lower concentration and larger injection volume were desirable for N than the opposite. The concentration dependance for high-speed GPC was significantly higher than classical low-speed GPC. The methods of minimizing the effects produced by the individual variables and the optimum operational conditions are discussed. Recommended operational conditions are as follows: flow rate, 1 to 2 ml/min; injection volume, 0.1 ml; sample concentration, below 0.4% (or if injection volume 0.5 ml, sample concentration below 0.1%).