Fast-food outlet availability and obesity: Considering variation by age and methodological diversity in 22,889 Yorkshire Health Study participants

Hobbs, Matthew; Griffiths, Claire; Green, Mark A.; Jordan, Hannah; Saunders, Joanna; Christensen, Alex; McKenna, Jim

doi:10.1016/j.sste.2018.11.001

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…These findings contrast with the null findings observed in the present study, and may be attributed to the relatively high age of our study population (on average ~ 70 years). Indeed, there is evidence that suggests that consumption of take-away meals declines with age [ 23 ], which may be due to the fact that older adults have less income [ 37 ], experience reduced mobility [ 26 ] (e.g., go outside less, so are less susceptible to the tempting food environment) or did not acquire the habit of obtaining fast-food in their youth as fast-food restaurants were less proliferate [ 38 ]. Moreover, other methodological differences (e.g., different model adjustment and buffer sizes) or different geographical contexts could account for the contrasting findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, previous studies mainly investigated absolute measures using counts or densities [ 11 , 13 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 24 – 26 ] rather than relative measures of FFR exposure, in which exposure is often defined as the proportion of FFR relative to other food outlets or restaurants [ 16 , 19 , 27 , 28 ]. As such, relative measures of FFR capture the availability of other competing food outlets that may co-locate with FFR, and therefore reflect the opportunities for (un)healthy food choice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residential exposure to fast-food restaurants and its association with diet quality, overweight and obesity in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-NL cohort

Harbers

Beulens

Boer

et al. 2021

Nutr J

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Background Unhealthy food environments may contribute to unhealthy diets and risk of overweight and obesity through increased consumption of fast-food. Therefore, we aimed to study the association of relative exposure to fast-food restaurants (FFR) with overall diet quality and risk of overweight and obesity in a sample of older adults. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data of the EPIC-NL cohort (n = 8,231). Data on relative FFR exposure was obtained through linkage of home address in 2015 with a retail outlet database. We calculated relative exposure to FFR by dividing the densities of FFR in street-network buffers of 400, 1000, and 1500 m around the home of residence by the density of all food retailers in the corresponding buffer. We calculated scores on the Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 (DHD15) index using data from a validated food-frequency questionnaire. BMI was categorized into normal weight (BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30). We used multivariable linear regression (DHD15-index) and multinomial logistic regression (weight status), using quartiles of relative FFR exposure as independent variable, adjusting for lifestyle and environmental characteristics. Results Relative FFR exposure was not significantly associated with DHD15-index scores in the 400, 1000, and 1500 m buffers (βQ4vsQ1= -0.21 [95 %CI: -1.12; 0.70]; βQ4vsQ1= -0.12 [95 %CI: -1.10; 0.87]; βQ4vsQ1 = 0.37 [95 %CI: -0.67; 1.42], respectively). Relative FFR exposure was also not related to overweight in consecutive buffers (ORQ4vsQ1=1.10 [95 %CI: 0.97; 1.25]; ORQ4vsQ1=0.97 [95 %CI: 0.84; 1.11]; ORQ4vsQ1= 1.04 [95 %CI: 0.90–1.20]); estimates for obesity were similar to those of overweight. Conclusions A high proportion of FFR around the home of residence was not associated with diet quality or overweight and obesity in this large Dutch cohort of older adults. We conclude that although the food environment may be a determinant of food choice, this may not directly translate into effects on diet quality and weight status. Methodological improvements are warranted to provide more conclusive evidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential exposure to fast-food restaurants and its association with diet quality, overweight and obesity in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-NL cohort

Harbers

Beulens

Boer

et al. 2021

Nutr J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 31 Similarly to other developed nations, this shift in dietary patterns has been coupled with increasing rates of overweight, obesity and associated chronic disease. 32 Socially and economically disadvantaged groups, including people experiencing food insecurity, appear to be particularly vulnerable and are specially targeted by fast or convenience food marketing. 33 Indeed, the greater density of fast food and takeaway outlets apparent in lower socio‐economic areas is evidenced in strategic targeting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To dine in or not to dine in: A comparison of food selection and preparation behaviours in those with and without food security

Butcher

O’Sullivan

Ryan

et al. 2020

Health Prom J of Aust

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Issue addressed: Vulnerable populations are disproportionately affected by food insecurity, resulting in heightened risk of suboptimal dietary intake. Food insecure people appear to implement several coping strategies and dietary compromises to avoid hunger. Less explored in the literature is how these strategies impact consumption of food inside and outside of the home.Methods: An online survey was completed by adults (n = 1292) residing in one of five Australian states. The questionnaire comprised of the six-item US Household Food Security Survey Module, 12 socio-demographic variables and 32 questions related to elements of food literacy.Results: Food insecure respondents were more likely to frequent fast food vs (P = .002), takeaway (P < .001) and food courts (P < .001) than their food secure counterparts. Food secure respondents reported greater use of raw (P = .043) and fresh, pre-prepared produce (P = .002) when cooking, whereas food insecure respondents were more likely to prepare food using only frozen, pre-packaged products (P < .001). No significant differences were found between food security status and the enjoyment and social bonding derived from cooking.Conclusions: Food insecure respondents appeared to be accessing a poorer quality of food through greater consumption of takeaway and fast food. These dietary compromises are most likely related to perceived financial, time or cooking facility constraints and to a lesser extent food literacy skills. So what?:This study highlights some of the health and social inequities apparent within food insecure populations. Food insecure households should be supported to access healthy fresh food and in-home cooking practices. While a multi strategy approach is required, healthy food environment policy, particularly in disadvantaged areas, should be considered to guarantee that all Australians have dignified access to nutritious food.

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“…In one of the few large studies to explore differences by population sub‐groups, mobility trajectories of older men and women were higher during young adulthood and declined in early adulthood through to older adulthood (Falkingham et al., 2016). It is therefore reasonable to suggest that the residential neighbourhood environment may play a more important role in shaping daily life: to a greater extent for individuals who remain closer to home, such as older adults with reduced mobility or those who live close to many facilities in city centres (Hobbs et al., 2019; Rabe & Taylor, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconsidering movement and exposure: Towards a more dynamic health geography

2021

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Acknowledging a paucity of emerging research, and some variation by sub‐field, the geographical measures of exposure used in health and medical geography have largely stagnated often focusing on residence‐based (‘static’) conceptualisations to define an individuals mobility or exposure. Detailed spatiotemporal data, such as smartphone data, allow richer understandings of the influence of the environment, or more broadly of place, on individual health outcomes and behaviours. However, while researchers are increasingly aware of such ‘dynamic’ definitions of place these are seldom employed in empirical evidence. Moreover, there may be differences in mobility by population groups which has not to our knowledge been examined fully. The main aim of this article is to provide a critical review of progress in the conceptualisation of location in health‐related geospatial research to understand the evolution of key concepts and to provoke the reader into considering the utility of a (more) dynamic health geography. We explore the origins of time geography, activity spaces, before moving to recent developments in the area of the exposome and the linked dynamic conceptualisations of exposure in health geography. To illuminate and operationalise findings from our review for readers, we provide a small case study to demonstrate how ‘static’ and ‘dynamic’ approaches differ. Moreover, we consider why understanding heterogeneity in mobility could be particularly salient in the field of health geography, and to the discipline of geography more broadly. To conclude, we help readers understand the practical considerations of data privacy, the process of data collection, data processing, and interpretation, and dissemination of findings to offer practical assistance for those who are grappling with ‘dynamic’ definitions of mobility and conceptualisations of exposure.

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Fast-food outlet availability and obesity: Considering variation by age and methodological diversity in 22,889 Yorkshire Health Study participants

Cited by 18 publications

References 61 publications

Residential exposure to fast-food restaurants and its association with diet quality, overweight and obesity in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-NL cohort

Residential exposure to fast-food restaurants and its association with diet quality, overweight and obesity in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-NL cohort

To dine in or not to dine in: A comparison of food selection and preparation behaviours in those with and without food security

Reconsidering movement and exposure: Towards a more dynamic health geography

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